Tactile-Direction-Sensitive and Stretchable Electronic Skins Based on Human-Skin-Inspired Interlocked Microstructures

Park, Jonghwa; Lee, Youngoh; Hong, Jaehyung; Lee, Youngsu; Ha, Minjeong; Jung, Yoon Young; Lim, Hyuneui; Kim, Sung Youb; Ko, Hyunhyub

doi:10.1021/nn505953t

Cited by 551 publications

(388 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…5c). For tensile strain, the output current decreases due to the deformation of hexagonal microstructure arrays into elongated hexagonal arrays in the tensile direction, which results in a decreased contact area and thus decreased output current 26 . The simulation results indicate that the lateral tensile strain induced a decrease in concentrated stress at the contact spots and in the contact area between opposing microstructured films ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Multidirectional Force-sensing Capability Of Interlocked Micmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the sensing performance of piezoresistive e-skins with microstructure arrays critically depends on the localized stress distribution of microstructures and the resulting contact area change when external mechanical forces are applied in different directions. Although the interlocked microdome structures have been reported to exhibit high pressure sensitivity 25,26 , indepth investigation of the effects of microstructures on the multidirectional sensing performances has not been done. A systematic and in-depth analysis of geometrical effects on sensing performance is important to enable the design of tunable e-skins having high force sensitivity and selectivity, which can be customized for diverse applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To facilitate comparison of the geometrical shape effect on the stress sensing properties, an interlocked geometry of the different microstructure arrays was employed. This has been reported to enhance the variation in contact area and localized stress in the microstructures, thereby improving the stress sensitivity and multidirectional force sensing capabilities of eskins [25][26][27][28] . For the fundamental understanding of the sensing mechanisms, experimental piezoresistive properties were compared to the finite-element simulation of contact-area change and the localized stress distribution of microstructured e-skins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring force sensitivity and selectivity by microstructure engineering of multidirectional electronic skins

et al. 2018

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Electronic skins (e-skins) with high sensitivity to multidirectional mechanical stimuli are crucial for healthcare monitoring devices, robotics, and wearable sensors. In this study, we present piezoresistive e-skins with tunable force sensitivity and selectivity to multidirectional forces through the engineered microstructure geometries (i.e., dome, pyramid, and pillar). Depending on the microstructure geometry, distinct variations in contact area and localized stress distribution are observed under different mechanical forces (i.e., normal, shear, stretching, and bending), which critically affect the force sensitivity, selectivity, response/relaxation time, and mechanical stability of e-skins. Microdome structures present the best force sensitivities for normal, tensile, and bending stresses. In particular, microdome structures exhibit extremely high pressure sensitivities over broad pressure ranges (47,062 kPa −1 in the range of <1 kPa, 90,657 kPa −1 in the range of 1-10 kPa, and 30,214 kPa −1 in the range of 10-26 kPa). On the other hand, for shear stress, micropillar structures exhibit the highest sensitivity. As proof-of-concept applications in healthcare monitoring devices, we show that our e-skins can precisely monitor acoustic waves, breathing, and human artery/carotid pulse pressures. Unveiling the relationship between the microstructure geometry of e-skins and their sensing capability would provide a platform for future development of high-performance microstructured e-skins.

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Section: Multidirectional Force-sensing Capability Of Interlocked Micmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring force sensitivity and selectivity by microstructure engineering of multidirectional electronic skins

et al. 2018

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“…Another type of touch sensors is piezoresistive sensor that convert the pressure applied on the sensor to resistance signal 156, 157. The fabrication of piezoelectric energy harvesters with sensitivity and flexibility is essential so as to transform the mechanical energies to electricity 158.…”

Section: The Human‐like Senses and Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human‐Like Sensing and Reflexes of Graphene‐Based Films

et al. 2016

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Humans have numerous senses, wherein vision, hearing, smell, taste, and touch are considered as the five conventionally acknowledged senses. Triggered by light, sound, or other physical stimulations, the sensory organs of human body are excited, leading to the transformation of the afferent energy into neural activity. Also converting other signals into electronical signals, graphene‐based film shows its inherent advantages in responding to the tiny stimulations. In this review, the human‐like senses and reflexes of graphene‐based films are presented. The review starts with the brief discussions about the preparation and optimization of graphene‐based film, as where as its new progress in synthesis method, transfer operation, film‐formation technologies and optimization techniques. Various human‐like senses of graphene‐based film and their recent advancements are then summarized, including light‐sensitive devices, acoustic devices, gas sensors, biomolecules and wearable devices. Similar to the reflex action of humans, graphene‐based film also exhibits reflex when under thermal radiation and light actuation. Finally, the current challenges associated with human‐like applications are discussed to help guide the future research on graphene films. At last, the future opportunities lie in the new applicable human‐like senses and the integration of multiple senses that can raise a revolution in bionic devices.

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“…Up to the 1990s, significant breakthroughs were achieved in flexible and stretchable electronics for various applications using flexible materials 5. Especially over the last decade, tactile sensors with improved performance have been continuously developed based on different physical transduction mechanisms, including piezoresistivity, capacitance, and piezoelectricity 6. For example, large‐scale and flexible pressure‐sensitive sensor arrays based on transistors not only possess excellent mechanical and electrical properties but also enormously reduce the crosstalk between pixels for precise mapping of pressure distribution 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Electronic Skin

et al. 2015

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and can sense pressure, temperature, and other complex environmental stimuli or conditions. The mimicry of human skin's sensory ability via electronics is a topic of innovative research that could find broad applications in robotics, artificial intelligence, and human–machine interfaces, all of which promote the development of electronic skin (e‐skin). To imitate tactile sensing via e‐skins, flexible and stretchable pressure sensor arrays are constructed based on different transduction mechanisms and structural designs. These arrays can map pressure with high resolution and rapid response beyond that of human perception. Multi‐modal force sensing, temperature, and humidity detection, as well as self‐healing abilities are also exploited for multi‐functional e‐skins. Other recent progress in this field includes the integration with high‐density flexible circuits for signal processing, the combination with wireless technology for convenient sensing and energy/data transfer, and the development of self‐powered e‐skins. Future opportunities lie in the fabrication of highly intelligent e‐skins that can sense and respond to variations in the external environment. The rapidly increasing innovations in this area will be important to the scientific community and to the future of human life.

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Tactile-Direction-Sensitive and Stretchable Electronic Skins Based on Human-Skin-Inspired Interlocked Microstructures

Cited by 551 publications

References 52 publications

Tailoring force sensitivity and selectivity by microstructure engineering of multidirectional electronic skins

Tailoring force sensitivity and selectivity by microstructure engineering of multidirectional electronic skins

Human‐Like Sensing and Reflexes of Graphene‐Based Films

Recent Progress in Electronic Skin

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