Tackling the Complexity of the Pro-environmental Behavior Intentions of Visitors to Turtle Sites

Abstract

This empirical study improved our understanding of how to simulate visitors’ pro-environmental behavior intentions (PEBIs) during interpretive marine turtle tours in Cyprus. Complexity theory was applied as a sufficient theoretical basis of the proposed configurational model that was tested using fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) as an innovative set theoretic approach. Four configurations—demographics, values, beliefs, and norms and attitudes—were used to explore causal recipes leading to both high and low PEBI scores. The findings highlighted the heterogeneity issue in predicting PEBIs, addressed by determining the positive or negative role of PEBI indicators along with attributes of other indicators in causal recipes. The fsQCA results of four configurations suggested 12 recipes for attaining high PEBI scores. Further insight was obtained via configurational modeling of visitors’ PEBIs during endangered species tours, which contributed to the current knowledge of tourism management in protected areas. Implications for practice and further research are discussed.

Transformational leadership, corporate social responsibility, organizational innovation, and organizational performance: Symmetrical and asymmetrical analytical approaches

“…(1) assessment of the measurement model; and (2) testing of the structural model (Anderson & Gerbing, 1988;Hair, Black, Babin, Anderson, & Tatham, 2010;Hair, Hult, Ringle, & Sarstedt, 2013). While PLS-SEM as a symmetrical analysis assesses sufficient net effects of predictors on model outcome, fsQCA, which is an asymmetrical analytical approach, calculates causal configurations that explain the complex conditions for achieving model outcome (Olya & Akhshik, 2018).…”

“…The results of fsQCA offer a guideline for managers to know how to combine predictors (e.g. CSR and transformational leadership) in order to predict the conditions leading to high and low scores of performance (Olya & Akhshik, 2018;Olya & Al-ansi, 2018).…”

Decoding behavioural responses of green hotel guests

“…The TPB is commonly used to elucidate customers' behavioural intentions in the green consumption context, which is a complex social phenomenon. This complexity is caused by the non-linear, fuzzy, and dynamic processes of human decision-making and the complication of behaviours toward environmental issues (Lezak & Thibodeau, 2016;Olya & Akhshik, 2018). According to Lucas et al (2008, p. 458), "Socio-psychological models of individual behavior reveal environment-related behaviors to be complex and non-linear, shaped by multiple antecedent factors applying in different sequences and with different weighting to determine the end behavior.…”

“…10.1108/IJCHM-05-2018-0374. Against this backdrop, recent studies have called for the application of a pragmatic approach for advancing theories and methods to enlighten the black-box process of tourists' pro-environmental behaviours (Juvan & Dolnicar, 2017;Kiatkawsin & Han 2017;Olya & Akhshik, 2018). As an alternative solution for the extension, decomposition, and merging of the TPB, this empirical study proposes a configurational model, along with a structural model, to explore the configuration of three TPB elements in formulating the behavioural intentions of green hotel guests.…”

Instrument Development On Measuring Malaysian Households’ Intention To Practise Solid Waste Segregation-At-Source

“…The total score of this construct is then computed in order to interpret the raw scores in a more manageable way. Subsequently, the summated scores are further segregated into three categories, namely Low (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), Moderate (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44), and High (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60). To conclude, the higher the score, the higher the injunctive norm towards intention to practise solid waste segregation-at-source.…”