T-lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Distinct Variant of Acute Leukaemia

Catovsky, Daniel; Goldman, J M; Okos, A; Frisch, Bertha; Galton, D. J.

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5920.643

Cited by 94 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Thus the lower temperature of the testis and the high functional activity of the epididymis of the rat (Brooks, 1973) It is remarkable that these malignant T-cell lymphoblasts show a predilection to invasion of the caput epididymis. This variant of the human disease has been considered to be more aggressive (Catovsky et al, 1974). Regional functions within the epididymis are complex (Waites & Setchell, 1969;Hamilton, 1972), the great majority of testicular fluid entering from the ductuli efferentes being absorbed in the caput epididymis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study demonstrates gonadal invasion occurring during routine transmissions of an acute rat T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia and illustrates its potential as a system for the investigation of the cause and treatment of testicular relapse in the human disease. The original detailed histopathological report on this leukaemia (Dibley et al, 1975) led to the conclusion that it showed close resemblances to the human disease, but meningeal infiltration, the cause of the meningeal syndrome in man and apparantly, a common feature of human T-cell leukaemia (Catovsky et al, 1974) was not observed in this rat disease. No reference has previously been made to the involvement of reproductive system in this animal leukaemia.…”

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confidence: 94%

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Testicular invasion and relapse and meningeal involvement in a rat T-cell leukaemia

Jackson¹,

Jackson²,

Bock³

et al. 1984

Br J Cancer

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Summary During the haematogenous dissemination of this acute rat T-cell (Roser) leukaemia, infiltration of both epididymal and testicular interstitial tissue has now been demonstrated, probably as an invariable occurrence. The gonadal duct system itself was not invaded. In contrast to an earlier histopathological study with this leukaemia, meningeal invasion has also been encountered during routine passage. Furthermore, subsequent to remissions induced by carmustine (BCNU), relapse could occur as long as 80 days after the 20 day end point in control animals. This was associated with extensive infiltration of the meninges as well as in the male gonadal interstitium, the proximal epididymis being particularly vulnerable. Two doses of carmustine at intervals of one week could eradicate the disease even during the phase of logarithmic growth of the leukaemic cells, this result depending upon the level of treatment and time of dosing post-inoculation with leukaemic cells. Females carrying the disease were shown to be more readily cured than males, probably related to entry of leukaemia cells into the gonadal interstitium.This T-cell leukaemia appears to be an excellent model for the study and prospective chemotherapy of testicular relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Testicular invasion and relapse and meningeal involvement in a rat T-cell leukaemia

Jackson¹,

Jackson²,

Bock³

et al. 1984

Br J Cancer

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“…IT HAS BEEN recognized for some time that the T-cell variety of lymphoblastic leukaemia (T ALL) carries a worse prognosis than non-T disease (Tsukimoto et al, 1976;Reid et al, 1977) and it has also been suggested to be frequently associated with meningeal (CNS) infiltration (Catovsky et al, 1974;Sallan et al, 1980). However, the inextricable association between T ALL and high white counts, a well known adverse prognostic feature in any ALL, begs the question whether it is the cellular characteristics of T lymphoblasts or merely their numbers that possibly predispose them to infiltrate the CNS.…”

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confidence: 99%

T lymphoblastic leukaemia and the central nervous system

Lilleyman¹,

Sugden²

1981

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Of 100 children and adolescents with lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) seen over a 6-year period, 25 developed clinically evident infiltration of the central nervous system (CNS), despite early treatment with cranial radiotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate.Nine of these 25 had the features of T ALL, though there were only 17 such patients overall. Not only did those with T ALL get CNS disease more frequently, but they did so much sooner after diagnosis (P <0001) and more commonly had associated facial palsies (P <0.05). The tendency to develop CNS infiltration appeared to be significantly related to the possession of T-cell markers (P<0-02), but not to the diagnostic white cell count (P =0.37). These findings suggest that current CNS prophylactic therapy is ineffective in most patients with T ALL.

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“…The clinical distinction between LL and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is based on an arbitrary margin of bone marrow infiltration by 20% of tumor blast cells although these two clinical presentations may be the same disease entity. [2][3][4][5][6] Owing to this arbitrary distinction between LL and T-ALL, various treatment approaches have been proposed to patients. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia-based chemotherapy or protocols adapted to aggressive NHL followed or not by consolidation with high-dose therapy followed by stem cell therapy have been explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%