Systolic Blood Pressure at Admission, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Heart Failure

Abstract

jor public health concern because of its prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality. In 2003, 1.1 million patients were discharged from the hospital for heart failure, making this the most common primary discharge diagnosis among patients older than 65 years. 1,2 Until recently, the scientific community's understanding of acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) had been based on demographic and outcome data obtained from randomized controlled trials. 3 While these results drive therapeutic decision making, relying on clinical trial data to characterize the general acute heart failure population is limited by the fact that randomized controlled trials have tended to focus on a small proportion of AHFS patients. Because of selective enrollment criteria, clinical trials may See also pp 2209 and 2259.

Prognostic Nutritional Index and the Risk of Mortality in Patients With Acute Heart Failure

“…In addition, PNI was also related to systolic blood pressure and RVSP. Although systolic blood pressure is associated with cardiac performance,24 elevated RVSP correlates strongly with elevated end‐diastolic pressure of the right ventricle and right atrial pressure, which may be related to intestinal congestion and, thereafter, malnutrition 25. Intestinal congestion and redistribution of blood flow away from the splanchnic circulation due to increased sympathetic activity may contribute to intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction, which causes lipopolysaccharide translocation into systemic circulation, and may worsen malnutrition in patients with AHF 22…”

Hospital and 4‐Year Mortality Predictors in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Edema With and Without Coronary Artery Disease

“…Also of importance is the fact that identification of CAD patients was based not only on clinical grounds, but also on coronary angiography data available in 69% of them, but also in 43% of those with non‐CAD. This is in contrast to most existing series of APE7, 10, 23 or acute heart failure,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 13 where angiographic data are not provided. Of interest is the documentation of significant coronary artery stenosis in 32% of non‐CAD patients who underwent cardiac catheterization, pointing to the concomitant presence of CAD in patients with the primary diagnosis of valvular heart disease.…”

“…APE, however, may be considered a distinct condition because it develops abruptly, most often within the first hour from symptom onset, and it is often triggered by elements different from those causing a gradual decompensation of chronic heart failure 1, 7, 8, 9, 10. Hence, it is suspected that mechanisms of APE may vary from those of decompensated heart failure 1, 10…”

International REgistry to assess medical Practice with lOngitudinal obseRvation for Treatment of Heart Failure (REPORT‐HF): rationale for and design of a global registry

“…Heart failure (HF) is a global public health problem affecting millions worldwide 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. In the USA, the prevalence is 5.7 million and there are 670 000 new cases per year, while there are another 15 million people living with HF in Europe 13, 14, 15.…”

“…1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 These registries have either focused on in‐patient characterization and short‐term outcomes or maintained separate samples of acute HF hospitalizations and chronic HF follow‐up, limiting understanding of the transition from chronic maintenance to an acute state requiring hospitalization 24, 25. No prior detailed, longitudinal evaluations of long‐term disease progression, healthcare utilization, and health economics on a global scale have been reported.…”