Systems theory: a worldview and/or a methodology aimed at requisite holism/realism of humans' thinking, decisions and action

Abstract

Many observers find that humankind is in crisis due to lack of holism and due to too much reductionism-in human thinking, insight, decision-making and action-caused by increasingly narrow specialization per professions and disciplines. Systems theory surfaced good five decades ago to fight this problem. But it keeps losing its battle, including in its own arena. Specialization is unavoidable, but it is frequently not enough. Good three decades of experience of this contribution's author have demonstrated that his concept of the 'dialectical system' and 'law of requisite holism/realism' can offer a response. It shows a way towards holism/realism as an overarching worldview, which is capable of providing room for many systems theories and specialized/traditional theories to work together, because they are interdependent, that is, needing each other.

How to Improve Innovativeness of Small and Medium Enterprises

“…Slovenia this figure is lower -i.e. only 20 % (Potocan, Mulej, 2007;Mulej, 2008). This means that new concepts such as economic entrepreneurship replacing routine-loving behavior (including employment without a lot of own responsibility) are difficult to implement.…”

“…They have not considered that their scientific findings and political declarations should be considered inventions that should become innovations. This requires the invention to be considered in terms of a requisitely holistic work (Mulej, Kajzer, 1998;Dyck, Mulej, 1999;Mulej, 2000;Mulej, 2007). Tables 1 -4 should no longer be neglected or unknown.…”

“…One-sided attempts of perception, thinking, decision making, and action are normal with the normal specialists, if they do no want and/or know how to co-operate with other specialists who are different from them, and make therefore oversights and finish in fictitious holism causing mistakes. Owners, entrepreneurs and managers of SMEs are often quite close to this danger: they do not have many co-workers; they have often established their own SMEs because they had no other chance to survive after losing their jobs as employees (Mulej, Often, this means that they are very good in a technical profession, on which they intend to live, with full right, but less good or even completely uneducated in running a SME (Mulej, 2000;Nussbaum, Berner, Brady, 2005;Mulej, 2007). An entrepreneur produces an enterprise rather than a product; his professionals produce the product as a part of his/her basis to produce a SME, in the first place (Barabba, 2004 In the current economic circumstances, SMEs too must obviously be viewed as inventions that are supposed to become innovations, not only SMEs' products.…”

Integral Management for Corporate Social Responsibility

“…In today's circumstances, it is necessary to connect the innovation of organizational governance and management with social responsibility. The latter is founded on the principles of (1) interdependence and (2) holism (ISO 2010) and these two principles are also the main aspects of Mulej's Dialectical Systems Theory (Mulej 1974 and later;Mulej 2007;. We argue that the innovation of organizational governance and management can be achieved more easily if the Dialectical Systems Theory is applied as this theory emphasizes the interdependence and the law or requisite holism (Mulej and Kajzer 1998).…”

Finding sense in new reality: From the epoch of machines to the age of uncertainty

“…This is a thing which is rooted in perception rather than in analysis. , which is based on conceptual and perceptual thinking, we are not able to capture the gradual process of change [1,4,5,13,16,17,54,58,67,74,86]. While change in the past used to manifest itself discretely and continuously, in the current environment there is a continuous flow of changes that achieve exponential speed [45].…”