Systemic toxicity of di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) in rats following 28-day intravenous exposure

Xu, Haiyan; Musi, Barbara; Wang, Zhimei; Zhou, Tiansheng; Huang, Qihong; Liu, Juan-Hua; Li, Tiantian; Jiang, Zhen; Liao, Songping; Glosson, Jill; Koo, Edward H.

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.02.016

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore, repeat dose toxicity studies after IV exposure are more relevant for the parenteral route of exposure leaching from medical devices (meaning 100% bioavailability). As shown in Table 4, studies assessing toxicity after IV exposure (Cammack et al, 2003;David et al, 2015;Wirnitzer et al, 2011;Xu et al, 2019) show that the safety margin of APs exceeds that of DEHP less than after oral exposure, DEHT 6 compared to more than 20 times, and DINCH 5 compared to 8 times. Despite being used in different medical devices used for infusion and transfusion, the toxicity of DINP, DEHA and ATBC has not been assessed after IV exposure.…”

Section: Health Effects Of Alternative Plasticizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticizers in the neonatal intensive care unit: A review on exposure sources and health hazards

Panneel

Malarvannan

Jorens

et al. 2021

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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Plasticizers, used to increase the flexibility of plastic materials, can leach into the environment and the human body. Various adverse health effects are attributed to exposure to plasticizers, particularly phthalates. Premature newborns admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are exposed to many indwelling plastic devices containing plasticizers while in a developmentally vulnerable period. This is the first comprehensive review of its kind, providing an overview of DEHP and alternative plasticizers (APs), their sources and degree of exposure in the NICU, and the resulting health risks in (premature) infants. Despite the 2017 EU Medical Devices Regulation (2017/745), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is still a commonly present plasticizer in plastic medical devices in the NICU, with current labelling being insufficient to guarantee absence. Estimated NICU exposures remain elevated above the tolerable daily intake. Medical procedures leading to the highest exposure of phthalates and APs, are extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, blood transfusion, parenteral nutrition and respiratory support.As traditional matrices, such as blood and urine, are not always readily available in neonates, the accumulation of plasticizers in alternative matrices, such as hair and nails, provides an opportunity to study long-term accumulation of toxic chemicals. Impaired respiratory and neurodevelopment correlate with phthalate exposure at both biological and epidemiological levels in childhood, yet knowledge gaps about the effects in neonates prevail. Some APs provide interesting opportunities to reduce toxicity, but human data regarding health effects remain limited. Although toxicologists and regulators have addressed the problem for some time, awareness is lacking mainly among healthcare professionals.

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Section: Health Effects Of Alternative Plasticizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticizers in the neonatal intensive care unit: A review on exposure sources and health hazards

Panneel

Malarvannan

Jorens

et al. 2021

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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“…Subsequently, trimellitates, citrates, and adipates, including tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM), tributyl- O -acetyl citrate (ATBC), and di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), have been expanded to apply as PAE alternatives in electronics, apparels, and building materials . Meanwhile, they were also detected in various indoor environments. − Recently, isophthalate esters, cyclohexene dicarboxylic acid esters, and new cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid esters have been developed as the next generation of PAE alternatives. − Di(2-ethylhexyl) isophthalate (DEHIP), di(2-ethylhexyl) tetrahydrophthalate (DEHTH), di(2-ethylhexyl) cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate (1,4-DEHCH), and di(2-ethylhexyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (1,2-DEHCH) are typical representatives, and some of them have been found in food contact materials and children’s toys. , Although most manufacturers declare that these non-phthalate plasticizers have no substance-related toxicity and are environmentally friendly, − mounting evidence shows that they exhibit various toxic effects, including endocrine-disrupting activity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, cytotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. − Therefore, human exposure to these emerging PAE alternatives is still a great concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Classic Phthalates: Occurrence of Multiple Emerging Phthalate Alternatives and Their Metabolites in Human Milk and Implications for Combined Exposure in Infants

Deng

Liang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Because of the recognized toxicity and legislative regulation of classic phthalates (PAEs), the manufacture and use of PAE alternatives have rapidly grown. However, lactational exposure to these emerging replacement chemicals remains unknown. In this study, 11 classic PAEs, 14 emerging PAE alternatives, and 24 of their metabolites were comprehensively investigated in human milk from China. Except for nine detectable PAEs, nine of the 14 emerging PAE alternatives, including three (1,4-DEHCH, 1,2-DEHCH, and DEHIP) not reported before in the environment, were first identified and detected in human milk. Total concentrations of nine detectable PAE alternatives were in the range of 0.252–16.1 ng/mL, slightly lower than those of nine detectable PAEs (2.12–34.1 ng/mL). Additionally, 12 of the 24 target metabolites were found in human milk. Total concentrations (4.41–138 ng/mL) of these metabolites were significantly higher than those of their parent compounds. Our findings highlighted the considerable coexistence of PAEs, emerging PAE alternatives, and their metabolites, resulting in a complex “cocktail” of plasticizers in human milk. Preliminary risk assessment indicated no or minor risk to breast-fed infants, but long-term low-level exposure to the “cocktail” chemicals is of emerging concern. This is the first identification of multiple emerging PAE alternatives and their metabolites in human milk.

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Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate plasticizer triggers hepatic, brain, and cardiac injury in rats: Mitigating effect of Peganum harmala oil

Behairy

El-Rahman

Aly

et al. 2021

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Systemic toxicity of di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) in rats following 28-day intravenous exposure

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Plasticizers in the neonatal intensive care unit: A review on exposure sources and health hazards

Plasticizers in the neonatal intensive care unit: A review on exposure sources and health hazards

Beyond Classic Phthalates: Occurrence of Multiple Emerging Phthalate Alternatives and Their Metabolites in Human Milk and Implications for Combined Exposure in Infants

Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate plasticizer triggers hepatic, brain, and cardiac injury in rats: Mitigating effect of Peganum harmala oil

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