Systematics of the world genera of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera:Braconidae)

Abstract

The genera of Cardiochilinae are revised on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis of qualitative and morphometric characters. Partition homogeneity testing was used to evaluate the congruence between qualitative and morphometric data sets. Three most-parsimonious cladograms of 217.9 steps were found when morphometric characters were ordered and fractionally reweighted depending on the number of states. Sixteen monophyletic genera are recognised for the subfamily, with six described as new: Asiacardiochiles Telenga, stat. rev. (Australasian and Palaearctic)

Colemanus keeleyorum (Braconidae, Ichneutinae s. l.): a new genus and species of Eocene wasp from the Green River Formation of western North America

“…Description of characters and character states. Sources: 1) Sharkey andWharton (1994, with corrections in Sharkey 1996); 2) Sharkey (1997); 3) Dangerfield et al (1999). Taxa included (Table 2) were based upon the molecular analysis of Braconidae presented by Sharanowski et al (2011) with the following modifications: 1) highly derived groups were excluded (e.g., Miracinae); 2) sampling of Cardiochilinae was increased given the superficial resemblance of certain genera to Colemanus (Bohayella and Schoenlandella); 3) Heteropteron was added due to its basal placement within Cardiochilinae (Dangerfield et al 1999); 4) although Sharanowski et al (2011) included only two of the five proteropine genera (Proterops and Muesonia), we added Helconichia due to its resemblance to the fossil.…”

“…Tree topology was constrained to the relationships elucidated in previous studies (Sharanowski et al 2011, Dangerfield et al 1999. To analyze the matrix on the constrained topology, the fossil was placed at every node and tree lengths were compared to assess the most parsimonious placement.…”

“…Thirteen characters (Table 1) were selected from Sharkey andWharton (1994, with corrections in Sharkey 1996), Sharkey (1997), and Dangerfield et al (1999), and were modified to reflect characters discernible in the fossil. Table 1.…”

Orientocardiochiles, a new genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with descriptions of two new species from Malaysia and Vietnam

“…2019;Dabek et al 2020). The distribution of the members of the subfamily is cosmopolitan, with the highest diversity in tropical and arid regions (Dangerfield et al 1999). Members of eight genera are known from the Oriental region, including the introduced genus, Toxoneuron (Say, 1836) (Dangerfield et al 1999).…”

“…The distribution of the members of the subfamily is cosmopolitan, with the highest diversity in tropical and arid regions (Dangerfield et al 1999). Members of eight genera are known from the Oriental region, including the introduced genus, Toxoneuron (Say, 1836) (Dangerfield et al 1999). Four cardiochiline braconid genera are known from Malaysia: Bohayella Belokobylskij, 1987;Cardiochiles Nees, 1819;Hartemita Cameron, 1910;andPsilommiscus Enderlein, 1912 (Dangerfield et al 1999).…”