Systematics of the Green Algae: A Brief Introduction to the Current Status

Friedl, Thomas; Rybalka, Nataliya

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-22746-2_10

Cited by 44 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Traditional taxonomy of these organisms, based on their cellular morphology, generally underestimates their true phylogenetic diversity (riNdi et al 2009;friedl & ryBalKa 2012). Consequently, a number of new coccoid taxa were recently described using molecular methods (Němcová et al 2011;ma et al 2013;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community structure of corticolous microalgae within a single forest stand: evaluating the effects of bark surface pH and tree species

Štifterová¹,

Neustupa²

2015

Fottea

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Community structure of corticolous macro-epiphytes, such as lichens and mosses, usually strongly correlates with bark characteristics related to the taxonomic identity of the host tree. However, the reasons for the occurrence of similar patterns of microalgal corticolous biofilms are unclear and have rarely been investigated. In this study, we surveyed aerial phototrophic biofilms growing on the bark of Acer, Alnus, Fagus, Fraxinus and Picea trees in a single stand of a temperate forest. A flathead electrode was used to measure and evaluate the effect of bark surface pH on microalgal species richness and composition. In total, 47 distinct morphotypes were found, chiefly consisting of various coccoid green algae belonging to Trebouxiophyceae and Chlorophyceae. In addition, members of the Bacillariophyceae, Eustigmatophyceae, Streptophyta, Trentepohliales, Xanthophyceae and Cyanobacteria were also found. Bark pH and species richness of the samples were positively correlated; in the most acidic samples (from Picea and Alnus trees), only green algae occured. Aerial diatoms, Cyanobacteria, Xanthophyceae and Trentepohlia sp. were only found in the more basic samples. The species composition was significantly structured by the separated effects of host tree species, the bark pH and the sampling season. The observed non-random differences in community structure of the biofilms among host tree species indicated possible effects of deterministic processes, such as species sorting of microalgae along the environmental gradients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community structure of corticolous microalgae within a single forest stand: evaluating the effects of bark surface pH and tree species

Štifterová¹,

Neustupa²

2015

Fottea

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“…In addition to taxa belonging to the Watanabea clade, the class Trebouxiophyceae also includes several deeply branching phylogenetic lineages known exclusively or mostly from corticolous microhabitats, such as the mixotrophic genera Apatococcus and Auxenochlorella, and the well-known lichen photobionts Asterochloris, Trebouxia and Dictyochloropsis (Friedl & Rybalka, 2011). The genus Xylochloris, also forming a deep lineage with an unresolved phylogenetic position within Trebouxiophyceae, was originally described from tropical corticolous biofilms .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular diversity of green corticolous microalgae from two sub-Mediterranean European localities

Kulichová

Škaloud

Neustupa

2014

European Journal of Phycology

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Green algae in corticolous biofilms are simple coccoid cells or filamentous thalli with strikingly low morphological diversity. Consequently, microscopic identification of these organisms is difficult, and often possible only to higher taxonomic units. We investigated the taxonomic and phylogenetic composition of green microalgae isolated from biofilms growing on the bark of Quercus pubescens and Pinus nigra. The study was based on 122 partial sequences of the plastid-encoded rbcL gene. In total, 29 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), differing in their rbcL sequences, were encountered. Members of the Trebouxiophyceae formed 97.5% of the isolates; Streptophyta made up 2.5%. The most frequently occurring OTUs were in the genera Coccomyxa, Parachloroidium and Stichococcus. Within the Watanabea clade, we have probably discovered an as-yet undescribed generic lineage with chlorelloid morphology. OTUs belonging to the recently described trebouxiophycean genera Kalinella, Leptochlorella and Xylochloris were also encountered, which indicates that these genera are probably widely distributed in subaerial microhabitats, such as tree bark. The samples taken from oak trees were more diverse in their OTU composition than those taken from pine trees, but the average phylogenetic distances of OTUs in samples did not differ between the host tree taxa. Host tree species had a stronger effect on the community structure of algae than the sampling locality. This indicates that habitat filtering is important for the distribution of individual microalgal phylogenetic taxa.

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“…Our study documents the re-colonization 1 year after cleaning treatment in comparison to the ''old grown'' biofilm on the same marble sculpture. The green algal sequences in the ''old grown'' biofilm (sample B) and on the cleaned surface (sample A) belong all to Trebouxiophyceae; members of this green algal class are mostly aerophytic or soil algae (Friedl and Rybalka 2012). Adaptations against desiccation and UV irradiation like thick cell walls, mucilage sheaths and Mycosporinelike amino acids (MAAS) are common for aerophytic algae (Karsten et al 2005a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptogam covers on sepulchral monuments and re-colonization of a marble surface after cleaning

et al. 2013

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Re-colonization of freshly cleaned surfaces by aeroterrestrial microbial communities is up to now poorly understood. Here, we present a comparative study addressing the composition of algal and fungal communities on a marble sculpture, based upon the analysis of 18S rRNA gene clone libraries from environmental samples. The samples were taken from a blackish and greenish biofilm cover before surface cleaning and 1 year after cleaning treatment, when traces of re-colonization became visible to the naked eye. The composition of the fungal community indicated clear differences between the old grown biofilm and the treated surface. While the former was dominated by the ascomycetes Rhinocladiella, Glyphium and Capnodiales, the black yeast Sarcinomyces was clearly dominant 1 year after cleaning, but could not be retrieved from the old grown black biofilm. The green algal community was dominated by different phylotypes of the lichen algae Trebouxia, as well as the cosmopolitan green algae Apatococcus and Stichococcus. No essential differences in the green algal community before and after cleaning could be observed.

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Systematics of the Green Algae: A Brief Introduction to the Current Status

Cited by 44 publications

References 138 publications

Community structure of corticolous microalgae within a single forest stand: evaluating the effects of bark surface pH and tree species

Community structure of corticolous microalgae within a single forest stand: evaluating the effects of bark surface pH and tree species

Molecular diversity of green corticolous microalgae from two sub-Mediterranean European localities

Cryptogam covers on sepulchral monuments and re-colonization of a marble surface after cleaning

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