Systematics of Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Why It Matters

Rossman, Amy Y.; Palm-Hernández, Mary E.

doi:10.1094/pdis-92-10-1376

Cited by 67 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Mp 23,Mp 32). It was also shown previously that asexual isolates originating from the same host taxa from different locations in different years appeared to be clonal [60]. These findings might indicate that both geographical and genetic mixing occurs in the Hungarian populations of this phytopathogenic fungus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Genetic diversity and effect of temperature and pH on the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates from sunflower fields in Hungary

et al. 2011

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The effects of temperature and pH on the growth of 45 Hungarian Macrophomina phaseolina isolates from different locations and hosts were compared on the basis of their genetic diversity. One Spanish and two Serbian isolates were also included in the experiment. The most favourable temperature regimes for the development of the isolates ranged between 25 and 35°C. The optimal pH for the pathogen varied between 4.0 and 6.0, but growth was observed on potato dextrose agar even at pH values of 3.0, 7.0 and 8.0. RAPD analysis with 13 different primer pairs generated 148 unambiguous bands. RFLP analysis involving 8 different restriction endonucleases was performed on a 1550 bp fragment of the rDNA region containing internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, ITS2), the 5.8S rDNA and part of the 25S rDNA. The greatest genetic distance values were obtained for three isolates, two from Hungary and one from Spain, which had similar values, but were quite distinct from all the others. A strong positive correlation was observed between the genetic distances and the growth parameters measured at various temperatures, and between the geographical data and the growth data sets at different pH values, but the correlation was less strong in the latter case. While Hungarian M. phaseolina populations are thought to reproduce clonally, the present results indicate the coexistence of different haplotypes in this area, and besides the geographical dominance of a given haplotype it was found that a closer genetic relationship might exist between spatially distinct haplotypes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Genetic diversity and effect of temperature and pH on the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates from sunflower fields in Hungary

et al. 2011

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“…virgatula for the time being. Correct species identification is essential in plant-pathogenic genera (Rossman & Palm-Hernández, 2008). Plant pathologists need to be able to confidently name causal agents in Pestalotiopsis, so that effective quarantine measures can be put in place to prevent entry of unwanted diseases into a country (Maharachchikumbura et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A destructive new disease of Syzygium samarangense in Thailand caused by the new species Pestalotiopsis samarangensis

Maharachchikumbura¹,

Guo²,

Chukeatirote³

et al. 2013

Trop. plant pathol.

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A new fungal species, Pestalotiopsis samarangensis, was isolated from fruit rot in Syzygium samarangense from markets in Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinces, Thailand. Initially small, circular, black, slightly sunken spots developed on fruits. Later, the spots enlarged rapidly, became sunken, and resulted in a soft decay of the fruit flesh. Molecular analysis of the ITS, β-tubulin, and tef1 combined gene sequences distinguish P. samarangensis from other species in the genus. Pathogenicity testing proved that wounding triggers the disease symptoms and thus careful handling of fruits during transport and storage helps to prevent the disease.

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“…This is because micromorphology and phylogenetic characters add an extra level of resolution to the host-based identification previously used (Zhang et al 1997(Zhang et al , 1999Murali et al 2006;Santos and Phillips 2009;Santos et al 2010;Diogo et al 2010). The genus Phomopsis (anamorph of Diaporthe Nitschke) contains more than 900 species names from a wide range of hosts (Uecker 1988;Rehner and Uecker 1994;Crous 2005;Mostert et al 2000;Rossman et al 2007;Rossman and Palm-Hernández 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens

et al. 2011

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The genus Phomopsis (teleomorph Diaporthe) comprises phytopathologically important microfungi with diverse host associations and a worldwide distribution. Species concepts in Phomopsis have been based historically on morphology, cultural characteristics and host affiliation. This paper serves to provide an overview of the current status of the taxonomy in Phomopsis with special reference to biology, applications of various species, species concepts, future research perspectives and names of common pathogens, the latter being given taxonomic reappraisal. Accurate species identification is critical to understanding disease epidemiology and in developing effective control measures for plant diseases. Difficulties in accurate species identification using morphology have led to the application of alternative approaches to differentiate species, including virulence and pathogenicity, biochemistry, metabolites, physiology, antagonism, molecular phylogenetics and mating experiments. Redefinition of Phomopsis/Diaporthe species has been ongoing, and some species have been redefined based on a combination of molecular, morphological, cultural, phytopathological and mating type data. Rapid progress in molecular identification has in particular revolutionized taxonomic studies, providing persuasive genetic evidence to define the species boundaries. A backbone ITS based phylogenetic tree is here in generated using the sequences derived from 46 type, epitype cultures, and vouchers and is presented as a rough and quick identification guide for species of Phomopsis. The need for epitypification of taxonomic entities and the need to use multiple loci in phylogenies that better reflect species limits are suggested. The account of names of phytopathogens currently in use are listed alphabetically and annotated with a taxonomic entry, teleomorph, associated hosts and disease symptoms, including brief summaries of taxonomic and phylogenetic research. Available type culture information and details of gene sequences derived from type cultures are also summarized and tabulated.

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Systematics of Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Why It Matters

Cited by 67 publications

References 49 publications

Genetic diversity and effect of temperature and pH on the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates from sunflower fields in Hungary

Genetic diversity and effect of temperature and pH on the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates from sunflower fields in Hungary

A destructive new disease of Syzygium samarangense in Thailand caused by the new species Pestalotiopsis samarangensis

The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens

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