Systematic selection of solvent mixtures for non-aqueous redox flow batteries – vanadium acetylacetonate as a model system

Solubility model of metal complex in ionic liquids from first principle calculations

“…9, has been shown in Fig. 15(a), (b), (d), (e), (g) and (h) are in good agreement with the experimental 9 phase diagram reported for V(acac) 3 , Cr(acac) 3 and Mn(acac) 3 metal complexes in [Tea][BF 4 ] as supporting electrolyte and ACN as solvent. We also extended our theoretical calculations to the other three ionic liquids showing least, medium and maximum solubility and found that the dualsolute effect favorable to the increasing metal complex solubility in presence of those ionic liquids.…”

“…The calculated solubility of metal complexes V(acac) 3 and Cr(acac) 3 in ionic liquids, and correlation with the inverse of activity coefficient of metal complexes at innite dilution (1/g N ) in ionic liquids are shown in Fig. 11(a), (b), S-8(a) and (b), † respectively.…”

“…The solubility calculation for Cr(acac) 3 has been given in the ESI in Fig. S-8 3 and Cr(acac) 3 in 10 ionic liquids have been given in Table 7. The average property ( x), standard deviation (s E ) and standard error of mean (d E ) have been calculated following the eqn (16) and (17) in Section 4.…”

A systematic study of the co-solvent effect for an all-organic redox flow battery

“…33 This model has also been applied to describe the solubility of V(acac) 3 in binary solvents. 28 In this work, the model is expressed as:…”

“…Herr et al 26,27 found that in a nonaqueous vanadium RFB, the vibrational bond energy of the solvent would be changed by the addition of a co-solvent, resulting in the variation of the solubility of the active species. Bamgbopa et al 28 reported that the solvents affected the physical and electrochemical properties of the electrolytes and hence inuenced the reaction kinetics of the non-aqueous vanadium RFB.…”