Nonaqueous redox
flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising energy storage technology that
enables increased cell voltage and high energy capacity compared to
aqueous RFBs. Herein, we first report a novel approach to substantially
increase the energy density based on the miscible liquid redox materials
2,5-di-tert-butyl-1-methoxy-4-[2′-methoxyethoxy]benzene
catholyte and 2-methylbenzophenone anolyte. This system has a high
theoretical cell voltage of 2.97 V and a calculated energy density
of 223 Wh L–1 that is much higher than those of
previously reported nonaqueous organic RFBs. Our reported redox flow
chemistry displays excellent electrochemical performance and stability
under cyclic voltammetry, bulk electrolysis, and flow cell conditions.
A proof-of-principle RFB delivers a coulombic efficiency of 95% and
energy efficiency of 70% and represents significant progress toward
high energy density RFBs.
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