Systematic review showed that low and moderate prenatal alcohol and nicotine exposure affected early child development

Römer, Pia; Mathes, Birgit; Reinelt, Tilman; Stoyanova, Polina; Petermann, Franz; Zierul, Claudia

doi:10.1111/apa.15453

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…Prenatal alcohol exposure is a risk factor for children's cognitive development [128]. In contrast, a systematic literature review examined 27 cohort studies (published 2007-2018) [129].…”

Section: Alcohol Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Muscle Health and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review

Sui

Williams

Holloway‐Kew

et al. 2020

IJMS

115

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Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with advancing age. It involves both complex genetic and modifiable risk factors, such as lack of exercise, malnutrition and reduced neurological drive. Cognitive decline refers to diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual functioning. Contracting skeletal muscle is a major source of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which regulate synapses in the brain. Furthermore, skeletal muscle activity has important immune and redox effects that modify brain function and reduce muscle catabolism. The identification of common risk factors and underlying mechanisms for sarcopenia and cognition may allow the development of targeted interventions that slow or reverse sarcopenia and also certain forms of cognitive decline. However, the links between cognition and skeletal muscle have not been elucidated fully. This review provides a critical appraisal of the literature on the relationship between skeletal muscle health and cognition. The literature suggests that sarcopenia and cognitive decline share pathophysiological pathways. Ageing plays a role in both skeletal muscle deterioration and cognitive decline. Furthermore, lifestyle risk factors, such as physical inactivity, poor diet and smoking, are common to both disorders, so their potential role in the muscle–brain relationship warrants investigation.

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“…Prenatal alcohol exposure is a risk factor for children's cognitive development [128]. In contrast, a systematic literature review examined 27 cohort studies (published 2007-2018) [129].…”

Section: Alcohol Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Muscle Health and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review

Sui

Williams

Holloway‐Kew

et al. 2020

IJMS

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The result is functional deficits, especially impairment of executive and motivational functions [46]. Prenatal alcohol exposure may hamper the children's cognitive development [47]. Physical exercise: Physical exercise helps retard cognition decline [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyles and Cognition

Agarwal¹

2021

Integr J Med Sci

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Cognitive decline is a growing medical concern. It includes age-related cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Dementia results in considerable dysfunction in life and is associated with an increase in mortality. Since there is no cure at this time, attention is being increasingly directed towards prevention. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, alcoholism, physical inactivity, poor diet, improper sleep, and loneliness are repeatedly being recognized as modifiable factors that can reduce cognitive decline. This manuscript briefly reviews the lifestyle-cognition relationship.

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“… 18 Human research has provided limited evidence that low to moderate PAE is detrimental to the offspring, with a recent systematic review reporting adverse effects on early child development in six studies, no effect in five studies, and a weak positive effect in two. 19 The authors concluded that conflicting findings following low PAE may in part be due to a lack of sensitivity for detecting some outcome measures, and inadequate accounting for confounding, environmental and social factors. Since this review was published, a secondary analysis of 9719 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study found that even children with low PAE demonstrated poorer psychological and behavioural outcomes at around 9–10 years of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort profile: early school years follow-up of the Asking Questions about Alcohol in Pregnancy Longitudinal Study in Melbourne, Australia (AQUA at 6)

et al. 2022

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PurposeThe Asking Questions about Alcohol in Pregnancy (AQUA) study, established in 2011, is a prebirth cohort of 1570 mother and child pairs designed to assess the effects of low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and sporadic binge drinking on long-term child development. Women attending general antenatal clinics in public hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, were recruited in their first trimester, followed up three times during pregnancy and at 12 and 24 months postpartum. The current follow-up of the 6–8-year-old children aims to strengthen our understanding of the relationship between these levels of prenatal alcohol exposure and neuropsychological functioning, facial dysmorphology, brain structure and function.ParticipantsBetween June 2018 and April 2021, 802 of the 1342 eligible AQUA study families completed a parent-report questionnaire (60%). Restrictions associated with COVID-19 pandemic disrupted recruitment, but early school-age neuropsychological assessments were undertaken with 696 children (52%), and 482 (36%) craniofacial images were collected. A preplanned, exposure-representative subset of 146 children completed a brain MRI. An existing biobank was extended through collection of 427 (32%) child buccal swabs.Findings to dateOver half (59%) of mothers consumed some alcohol during pregnancy, with one in five reporting at least one binge-drinking episode prior to pregnancy recognition. Children’s craniofacial shape was examined at 12 months of age, and low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure was associated with subtle midface changes. At 2 years of age, formal developmental assessments showed no evidence that cognitive, language or motor outcome was associated with any of exposure level.Future plansWe will investigate the relationship between prenatal alcohol exposure and specific aspects of neurodevelopment at 6–8 years, including craniofacial shape, brain structure and function. The contribution of genetics and epigenetics to individual variation in outcomes will be examined in conjunction with national and international collaborations.

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Systematic review showed that low and moderate prenatal alcohol and nicotine exposure affected early child development

Cited by 18 publications

References 58 publications

Skeletal Muscle Health and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review

Skeletal Muscle Health and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review

Lifestyles and Cognition

Cohort profile: early school years follow-up of the Asking Questions about Alcohol in Pregnancy Longitudinal Study in Melbourne, Australia (AQUA at 6)

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