Systematic review of crisis reactions toward major disease outbreaks: application of the triple helix model in the context of tourism

Abstract

Purpose While academia, industry and government have made various efforts to ameliorate the impacts of Covid-19, no study has hitherto used an integrative framework to assess the reactions of all three of these sectors to previous multinational epidemics. Such fragmentation ignores the holistic nature of crisis management. To better understand the impacts of health crises on tourism, this study aims to examine the past literature related to academic, industrial and governmental responses to multinational epidemics through the lens of the triple helix model. Design/methodology/approach Based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes and the best-fit approach, this paper conducts a systematic review of the literature published between 2000 and 2020 on five multinational epidemics that had significant impacts on the tourism industry: food and mouth disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome, bird flu (novel influenza A and avian flu), Ebola and middle east respiratory syndrome. Thematic analysis was used to identify major themes in the 63 relevant articles identified. Findings No substantial increase was found in the quantity of multinational epidemic-related studies after 2010. Collectively, the 10 identified themes strongly emphasized economic recovery. Originality/value No existing tourism-related study examines reactions toward multiple health crises by integrating three important sectors: academia, industry and government. This study fills that research gap with a systematic review of past multinational epidemics and proposes an integrative framework. It also provides recommendations for future research and health-crisis management practices.

The role of health and safety protocols and brand awareness for the recovery of hotel activity following a health crisis

“…Berbekova et al, 2021;Li et al, 2022;Wut et al, 2021). Chen et al (2022) identify that, although previous epidemic research has highlighted consumers' perceptions of risk and associated changes to their travel behavior, potential strategies for ameliorating such behavioral changes while maintaining safety and security have largely been ignored (Ding et al, 2022;Ho et al, 2022;Simonetti and Bigne, 2022). This paper addresses this concern by offering an empirical study in which (1) it is shown that the use of health and safety protocols contributes to the generation of a higher perceived value and intention to visit the hotel (compared to hotels that do not use a health and safety protocol) and ( 2) evaluated the moderating role of the hotel brand awareness on the effects that the use of health and safety protocols on perceived value and the intention to stay at the hotel.…”

“…Therefore, the development of greater knowledge is required about the effects of strategies implemented at hotel level -such as the use of health and safety protocols which could influence the intention to visit the hotels (Wut et al, 2021). In accordance with the knowledge gaps set out by Chen et al (2022) and Li et al (2022), and based on the potential for influence, research for this paper is aimed at advancing knowledge about whether the use of health and safety protocols by hotels contributes to achieving a greater intention to visit, compared to that achieved by hotels not using health and safety protocols. This leads to the second research question.…”

Can online travel agencies contribute to the recovery of the tourism activity after a health crisis?

“…Berbekova et al, 2021;Li et al, 2022;Wut et al, 2021). Chen et al (2022) found that although previous epidemic research has foregrounded consumers' perceptions of risk and associated changes to their travel behaviour, potential strategies for ameliorating such behavioural changes while maintaining safety and security have mainly been ignored. Such strategies should not simply be applied, but preferably carefully measured by researchers for their impacts on consumers' behaviour.…”

“…, 2021). Chen et al. (2022) found that although previous epidemic research has foregrounded consumers’ perceptions of risk and associated changes to their travel behaviour, potential strategies for ameliorating such behavioural changes while maintaining safety and security have mainly been ignored.…”

Contemporary sustainability themes in tourism and hospitality during and post COVID‐19: Critical review and a step strategies forward for post the pandemic

“…Elkhwesky, Salem, et al (2022) noted in their systematic literature review that there exists a scarcity of research on the antecedents, outcomes, and integrating theories about sustainable hospitality practices. Some noteworthy studies include ‘assessment of tourism environmental impacts for the post‐COVID era (Candia & Pirlone, 2021)’, ‘impact of tourism on the environment amid COVID‐19 (Nagaj & Žuromskaitė, 2021)’, ‘COVID‐19 crisis vis‐à‐vis sustainability in the hospitality sector (Jones & Comfort, 2020)’, ‘waste management in hospitality for the post‐Covid scenario (Filimonau, 2021)’, ‘impacts of COVID‐19 on ecotourism (Soliku et al, 2021)’, ‘COVID‐19 and African tourism research agenda (Rogerson & Baum, 2020)’, ‘emerging issues and challenges in Indian tourism and hospitality business (Sanjeev & Tiwari, 2021), “tourism in South Africa during COVID‐19 (Musavengane & Leonard, 2022)” Specific exemplary systematic literature reviews and bibliometric analysis‐based studies include ‘sustainability perspectives in tourism and hospitality industry (Lima Santos et al, 2020)’, ‘advancing environmental knowledge in the hospitality industry in Covid society (Martínez‐Martínez et al, 2022)’, ‘resilience of tourism and hospitality industry amid COVID‐19 (Altshuler & Schmidt, 2021)’, ‘comparison of health‐related crisis in tourism and hospitality context (Park et al, 2022)’, ‘crisis reactions towards major disease outbreaks in the tourism context (Chen et al, 2021)’, ‘COVID‐19 and tourism (Utkarsh & Sigala, 2021)’, ‘trends of COVID‐19 and tourism (Viana‐Lora & Nel‐Lo‐Andreu, 2022)’, ‘themes for tourism and hospitality education post‐COVID‐19 (Menon et al, 2021)’, ‘utilizing technology tools to tackle COVID‐19 challenges in travel and tourism (Ndou et al, 2022)’, and ‘hospitality and tourism under COVID‐19 (Wang et al, 2022)’.…”