Systematic Design Procedure for Y-Junction Circulator Based on Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology

Shams, Shoukry I.; Sifat, Syed M.; Elsaadany, Mahmoud; Gagnon, Ghyslain; Kishk, Ahmed A.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2021.3057644

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Recently, there has been great interest in designing ferrite circulators using closed-form solutions. For instance, a disclosure design methodology based on a modified boundary condition and an expression for the closed form solution of the strip-line Y-junction was studied in [34] and [35]. The presented techniques can be considered an efficient method for circulator design, but they have several limitations: two unknown variables need to be estimated, a material with a high dielectric constant needs to be assumed, and most of the equations and state-of-the-arts were less simplified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

Khim

Cheab²,

Soeung

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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In this article, Y-junction strip-line circulators are designed using an enhanced closed form solution consisting of unified key equations and a flowchart design, which serves as a direct procedure for designing a ferrite circulator. This design methodology is combined with a 3D EM simulation that allows for the calculation of the saturation magnetization, uniform biasing, and ferrite dimensions needed for a circulator to operate in both modes. In addition, the closed form can be used to calculate the Y-junction parameters and allow the matching network to be calculated and the uniform circulator biasing design ended. Our analysis starts with the ferrite calculation to ensure that it is uniformly biased magnetically, and this is followed by strip-line design, Y-junction matching, and biasing circuit design. Using fullwave electromagnetic (EM), HFSS and magnetostatic (MS), Maxwell3D simulations, several key design parameters such as the saturation magnetization, coupling angle, and various external permanent magnetic biases are investigated. To validate the proposed concept, two strip-line circulators are designed and fabricated for operation in wide-bandwidth and narrow-bandwidth applications. Good agreement is found between the simulated and experimental responses for the S-parameters of the circulators. We also present a semi-analytical analysis of the concept of breakdown, which enables calculation of the peak power and total thermal rise in the strip-line structure. The average power handling capability of a strip-line circulator is studied for the first time. The proposed closed form expressions can also be implemented in various ferrite circulators using different guiding technologies for millimeter-wave applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

Khim

Cheab²,

Soeung

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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“…With the rapid development of microwave circuit technology, circulators are increasingly demanding miniaturization. Integration, wide bandwidth, and high power capacity 1–6 . These nonreciprocal devices are used to transmit and isolate signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Integration, wide bandwidth, and high power capacity. [1][2][3][4][5][6] These nonreciprocal devices are used to transmit and isolate signals. However, these devices are pretty bulky, limiting industrial applications, especially in future miniaturized high power radar applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Folded circulator with shorted Y‐junction for high power applications

Guo

Song

et al. 2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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In this letter, a compact suspended-stripline circulator with high powerhandling capability has been proposed. The presented double-knotted circulator is constructed by folding the structure through an air-filled microcoaxial line. Power-handling capability is increased using a single-sided ferrite disc and dielectric loading at the central junction. Moreover, another Y-junction shorted to the ground is coupled on the other side of the substrate to improve the circuit impedance matching. The equivalent circuit model and high power characteristics of the suspended-stripline circulator are proposed and analyzed. An X-band double-knotted circulator has been designed, simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured results show a reasonable agreement with the simulated ones.

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“…Besides Dk and Df, the electrical performances of designed circuits are related to some other parameters of CCL, such as the moisture absorption, thermal coefficient, copper peel, and so on, and even the CCL manufacturing process, especially for the frequency of millimeter‐wave or terahertz bands. In recent years, the researchers mainly focus on some areas for circuit performance improvements, such as the performance investigation for accurate design of various circuits, 1,2 flexion modification for flexible or conformal applications, 3–5 improvement of manufacturing process, 6,7 usage of advanced material, 8 and gap waveguide technique 9,10 . It is known that the adhesive layer is normally necessary in traditional lamination process, which is composed of epoxy and acrylic resin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic olefin copolymer‐based copper clad laminate and the application for low loss broadband baluns

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2021

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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In this article, a novel copper clad laminate based on cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is proposed and manufactured by using lamination process. The loss characteristic of manufactured laminate is investigated by comparing the measured results of two microstrips on proposed COC‐based laminate and traditional Rogers RT/duroid 5880, respectively. Moreover, the SIW/HMSIW baluns operated at X‐band are designed on the proposed laminate, and the measured results verify the inherent out‐of‐phase performance and good amplitude characteristics in broadband frequency range. This work shows a novel type of high‐frequency circuit boards on COC material, which is significantly to be one of the advanced candidates for microwave/millimeter wave circuit applications.

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Systematic Design Procedure for Y-Junction Circulator Based on Ridge Gap Waveguide Technology

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis

Folded circulator with shorted Y‐junction for high power applications

Cyclic olefin copolymer‐based copper clad laminate and the application for low loss broadband baluns

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