System for load levelling control and operation of an energy storage system

Abstract

In this study, the authors propose a feedback control method for energy storage systems for storing electrical energy and for load levelling. The proposed method uses both source and load power feedback, resulting in a fast response with respect to load levelling. To verify the proposed system, a power conditioning system based on the proposed feedback scheme was implemented and tested, in order to show the effectiveness of the scheme with respect to load levelling and energy harvesting. The system involved 60 of 50 W photovoltaic panels and a 20 Ah lithium polymer battery. An office was selected for testing, which was performed over an entire year. The authors obtained the operating profiles and determined the reduction in the daily total energy usage of the consumer as well as the standard deviation in load levelling.

Non-Equal Voltage Cell Balancing for Battery and Super-Capacitor Source Package Management System Using Tapped Inductor Techniques

“…After the voltage balancing progress, all V SP1 , V SP2 2 and V SP3 3 are balanced to the same voltage magnitude, which coincides with the results of theoretical analysis. Besides, the average current and energy loss are close to the principles in (16) and (23). Figures 9 and 10 depict the voltage and current variation of tapped inductor L 1 and tapped inductor L 2 during 30 kHz frequency.…”

“…Currently, the source package is mainly composed of standardized battery cells with the same chemical combination and initial voltage. The use of second life battery is getting popular [16][17][18]. Extensive research has been reported.…”