Synvolcanic mixing of ore lead and the development of lead isotopic provinces in the Skellefte district, Sweden

Billström, Kjell; Vivallo, Waldo

doi:10.1007/bf00191508

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…28]), sandstone impregnation-type (X = [26]). Also added is a field for VMS ores in the Skellefte Ore District (SOD-VMS = [29]), which may approximate the basement lead existing at ca 1.9 Ga, and a reference line which connects the VMS-type of lead with other data.…”

Section: Pb Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low Pb isotope ratios of pre-1.8 Ga sedimentary and volcanic rocks indicate that these lithologies are not potential contributors. Nor can sediments containing erosional material from the Skellefte VHMS deposits have been important, because they carry non-radiogenic lead ( Pb is around 15.2 for most deposits [29].…”

Section: Pb-pb Data Of Ore Minerals and Associated Gangue Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zn-Pb Ores of Mississippi Valley Type in the Lycksele-Storuman District, Northern Sweden: A Possible Rift-Related Cambrian Mineralisation Event

et al. 2012

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Abstract:The epigenetic Zn-Pb deposits in the Lycksele-Storuman ore district, northern Sweden, are hosted by Paleoproterozoic basement near the margin of the Caledonian mountains. A paleogeographic reconstruction suggests that platform sediments, including Cambrian shales, overlaid the mineralised basement. The mineralisation type, containing sphalerite, galena, calcite and fluorite, is confined to veins and breccias and interpreted to be of Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) style. There is no appreciable wall rock alteration. Fluid inclusion work reveals coexisting aqueous and hydrocarbon fluids. Ore deposition is interpreted to have occurred during mixing of two fluids; a cool (<70 °C) brine with a salinity of 30 eq. mass% CaCl 2 and a hot (~200 °C) brine with about 18 eq. mass% CaCl 2 . The mixing led to complex Sr isotope systematics in the analysed minerals. A tentative sphalerite Rb-Sr isochron age of a 534 ± 13 Ma probably dates mineralisation. The isotope systematics of Pb and Nd are less complex and both elements were essentially leached OPEN ACCESSMinerals 2012, 1 170 from basement rocks and transported by the hot fluid. Ore formation is considered to have taken place during rifting, related to the opening of the Iapetus Ocean.

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Section: Pb Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pb-pb Data Of Ore Minerals and Associated Gangue Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zn-Pb Ores of Mississippi Valley Type in the Lycksele-Storuman District, Northern Sweden: A Possible Rift-Related Cambrian Mineralisation Event

et al. 2012

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“…the Skellefte District, northern Sweden (Vaasjoki and Vivallo 1990;Billstr6m and Vivallo 1994). The ore lead isotopic homogeneity of Bergslagen has been used as an argument for a common origin of metals in all sulphide ores in Bergslagen and the evolved character of the ore lead (p ~ 9.9) was used as one of the arguments in favour for a continental margin environment (Vivallo and Rickard 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

A genetic reinterpretation of the Falun and �mmeberg ore types, Bergslagen, Sweden

Sundblad

1994

Mineral. Deposita

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The stratiform sulphide and oxide ores of Bergslagen, south-central Sweden, constitute the largest concentration of base metal and iron ores in northern Europe. They are hosted by Early Proterozoic metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary successions, which (together with later granitoids) belong to the Svecofennian Domain. An earlier genetic model suggested that two principal PeS of sulphide ores existed in Bergslagen (Falun and meberg), which had been formed through two contrasting granitoid-related processes, whereas the iron oxide ores were considered exhalative-volcanogenic. The prevailing view for the Bergslagen ores is that all stratiform sulphide (and oxide) ores were formed by exhalative-volcanogenic processes from one homogenous metal source. In this paper are presented new high-precision determinations of the ore lead isotopic composition of twentytwo stratiform sulphide and oxide ores in Bergslagen (among them Falun, Zinkgruvan-/~mmeberg and Dannemora), in order to provide an improved base for their genesis. The results show that significant variations in metal sources existed in Bergslagen for the volcanogenic ores. Most ores (including the Falun Cu-Zn-Pb deposit) were formed from a major isotopic reservoir that occurs in the interior parts of Bergslagen. This source is defined as the Falun reservoir and is dominated by calcalkaline felsic volcanic rocks. A variable input from a more evolved source component (recycled pre-Svecofennian crustal components) is locally important in sedimentdominated areas, particularly the Stockholm archipelago. A third source, representing relatively primitive meta-

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“…Many aspects are similar: (1) mineralogy; quartz-dominant veins with minor sulphides and carbonates and some scheelite, tellurides and tourmaline as key minerals, (2) ore fluids; low salinity, nearneutral H 2 O-CO 2 -CH 4 bearing fluids, and (3) (Welin et al 1993;Claesson and Lundqvist 1995), and young galenas found in Proterozoic rocks in Sweden that essentially overlap with those of Härnö granitoids (Romer and Wright 1993). For comparison (inset), data are shown for the epithermal Boliden deposit and the VMS deposits at Långsele and Långdal (Billström and Vivallo 1994) in the Skellefte district which overlap with data from the Main sulphide ore belt in Finland (MSOB; Vaasjoki 1981) shear structures. Although most lode gold deposits are generally believed to be coincident with uplift and a regional syn-to post-metamorphic stage, the complex interplay of overprinting processes at different P-T conditions, often involving more than one episode of mineralization, makes the interpretation of the relative timing of gold deposition difficult (Cassidy et al 1998;Wilkinson et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The analytical procedure is described in Billström and Vivallo (1994). The Pb isotopic studies also involved potential source rocks of lead, including two 1.80 Ga granitoids representing the Skellefte-Härnö-and Revsund suites, as well as calcites from the ore and the marble rock.…”

Section: Metamorphic Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Geochronological, stable isotopes and fluid inclusion constraints for a premetamorphic development of the intrusive-hosted Björkdal Au deposit, northern Sweden

Billström

Broman

Récio

et al. 2008

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Björkdal gold deposit, bound to a quartz vein system which is mainly hosted by a quartz-monzodioritic intrusion, is situated at the easternmost part of the 1.9 Ga Skellefte base metal district in the Fennoscandian shield. Three fluid stages may be distinguished, referred to as a ''barren'' stage, a main gold stage, and a remobilization stage, respectively. From oxygen and hydrogen isotope evidence, it is argued that fluids of different origins (magmatic and surface waters) penetrated the ore zone at the inferred stages, but regional metamorphic fluids appear essentially only to have redistributed elements. Early quartz veining took place during a pre-metamorphic stage at ca. 1.88 Ga, as evidenced by unradiogenic galena data and an Sm-Nd scheelite errorchron of 1,915 ± 32 Ma (MSWD = 0.25). Temporarily, the main ore-forming stage was closely related to the first barren stage and took place during a major uplift event close to 1.88 Ga. Although other source rocks cannot be totally ruled out, available isotope data (O, S, Sr and Pb) are seemingly consistent with the view that these elements, and by inference other ore elements, were derived from the host intrusion.

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Synvolcanic mixing of ore lead and the development of lead isotopic provinces in the Skellefte district, Sweden

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Zn-Pb Ores of Mississippi Valley Type in the Lycksele-Storuman District, Northern Sweden: A Possible Rift-Related Cambrian Mineralisation Event

Zn-Pb Ores of Mississippi Valley Type in the Lycksele-Storuman District, Northern Sweden: A Possible Rift-Related Cambrian Mineralisation Event

A genetic reinterpretation of the Falun and �mmeberg ore types, Bergslagen, Sweden

Geochronological, stable isotopes and fluid inclusion constraints for a premetamorphic development of the intrusive-hosted Björkdal Au deposit, northern Sweden

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