Synthetically modified nano‐cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective

Abstract

Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water are found to be cost-prohibitive and energy-intensive which is totally against the sustainable concept of development. Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification. Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies. The fabricated nanobiomaterial has been authenticated by modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques. The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size. The roughness and crystallinity index is also quantified and found to be 49.67 nm and 84.18%, respectively. The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water. The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.

Nanocellulose as a sustainable material for water purification

“…Apart from these, several studies revolve around the use of different chemical materials to modify CNCs and utilize them as adsorbents for water purification. [67][68][69][70][71][72] An investigation was conducted by Rafieian et al, [42] involving the preparation and characterization of a membrane, consisting of (3 aminopropyl)triethoxysilane or APTESmodified CNC (MCNC) and a nonwoven substrate at the bottom for removing heavy metals like copper ions present in water. It was observed that MCNC was responsible for the improvement of fouling resistance and water flux of the polyethersulfone (PES)/MCNC membrane and increased efficiency in metal ion removal.…”

Fabrication, calibration, and preliminary testing of microcantilever‐based piezoresistive sensor for BioMEMS applications

“…Many researchers use adsorption techniques to remove the HMIs from groundwater [21][22][23][24][25][26] and help to remove the hazardous heavy metals after the contaminated source is detected. The proposed sensor platform can be used as an early warning system to identify the contaminated source at the picomolar range.…”

Isolation and characterisation of locally isolated Gluconacetobacter xylinus BCZM sp. with nanocellulose producing potentials

“…BNC as one of the most renewable, natural bio-sorbents, and the biocompatible polymer was characterised by high waterholding capacity and high surface area leading to wide industrial applications [7,8]. BNC has been reported to display a potential application in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields, where it has been primarily applied for transdermal formulations to improve clinical outcomes [1,[9][10][11].…”