Synthetic strategies of heterocycle-integrated pyridopyrimidine scaffolds supported by nano-catalysts

Hammouda, M.; Rashed, Marwa M.; Elattar, Khaled M.; Osman, Amany M. A.

doi:10.1039/d3ra00922j

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Nano‐catalysts hold a unique position in the synthesis of organic molecules due to their high efficiency and exceptional physicochemical properties. Their distinctive characteristics make them an invaluable tool in the field of organic synthesis [55] . Nanocatalysts are a type of catalyst that operate at the nanoscale.…”

Section: Synthetic Techniques For the Preparation Of Pyrano[23‐d]pyri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Furo, Pyrano, and Pyrido[2,3‐d]Pyrimidines: A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis and Medicinal Applications

Rezaeifard,

Bakherad,

Navidpour

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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Due to their extensive applications in pharmaceuticals and natural substances, organic synthesis and heterocyclic compounds have been at the forefront of research for many years. Pyrimidine is one of the heterocyclic compounds that have various derivatives with promising biological and pharmacological properties. This review article covers the synthesis and biological effects of pyrimidine derivatives, such as pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidines, pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidines, and furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines. The compounds discussed in this review have a wide range of biological activities. Recent advances in green chemistry have led to the development of eco‐friendly synthetic methods for producing these bioactive heterocycles. This review aims to present various synthetic methods and biological effects of these compounds and provide new opportunities for organic chemists to develop potent nitrogen‐ and oxygen‐containing heterocycles for future applications. The review highlights examples of successful syntheses and applications of pyrimidine derivatives in the fields of antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, enzyme inhibition, and antiviral research.

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Section: Synthetic Techniques For the Preparation Of Pyrano[23‐d]pyri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their distinctive characteristics make them an invaluable tool in the field of organic synthesis. [55] Nanocatalysts are a type of catalyst that operate at the nanoscale. They have a high specific surface area and surface energy, which lead to high catalytic activity1.…”

Section: Nano-catalyzed Synthesis Of Pyrano[23-d]pyrimidine Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Furo, Pyrano, and Pyrido[2,3‐d]Pyrimidines: A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis and Medicinal Applications

Rezaeifard,

Bakherad,

Navidpour

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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“…In our previous literature and other reported work, [35–46] it was explored the structure and potential biological applications of bicyclic heterocycles incorporated in pyrimidine and pyridine skeletons. Building upon our prior exploration of pyridopyrimidine compounds, this review delves deeper into a specific class: pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolines, and their potential as privileged bioactive molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements and Developments in the Biological Importance of Pyrimido[4,5‐b]Quinoline Scaffolds

Hammouda,

Rashed,

Abo El‐Yazeed

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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This study highlights the biological efficiency of pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolines as inhibitors of cancer cell growth and antioxidants and anti‐inflammatory properties, etc. Recent research studies have revealed their promising biological activity to inhibit the growth of many disease‐causing yeasts, fungi, and bacteria. The structural composition greatly affects the biological effectiveness, as these compounds exceed the value of some standard compounds against pathogenic microbes. The antioxidant potential of these derivatives is also explored. Several glycosylated and non‐glycosylated derivatives exhibited potent free radical scavenging activity and protected against DNA damage, exceeding reference standards in some cases. Furthermore, the review examines the anti‐inflammatory and analgesic properties of pyrimidoquinoline derivatives. Studies suggest their efficacy is comparable to known drugs like diclofenac and aspirin in carrageenan‐induced paw edema and hot plate tests. Pyrimidoquinoline derivatives also demonstrate promising anticancer activity. While some have minimal effects, others exhibit notable activity against various human cancer cell lines. This review documents over two decades of research, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. Overall, pyrimidoquinoline derivatives signify an auspicious class of compounds with therapeutic potential across various areas. Further research is necessary to elucidate their mechanisms of action, optimize their efficacy and selectivity, and assess their safety profiles for clinical development.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Equally significant is that they are an essential source of intermediate products for the preparation of biologically relevant polycyclic frameworks. [5] Among a variety of quinazoline and heteroannulated pyrimidine compounds, a special place in synthetic and medicinal chemistry is occupied by oxidized derivatives, namely quinazolin-4(3H)ones [6][7][8][9][10][11] and their heteroanalogues such as thieno [2,3d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones, [12][13][14] pyrrolo [2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)ones (deazapurinones), [15] imidazo [2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (purin-6-ones), [16] pyrazolo [2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones, [17][18] pyrido [2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(4H)-ones, [19][20][21] and pyrazino [2,3d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones. [22] Due to its abundance in natural products and high biomedical potential, the quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold appears to be one of the most promising d-fused pyrimidinone systems; it is contained in the structures of almost 200 alkaloids, [1,[23][24][25] many of which may be useful in the develop-ment of anticancer drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclizations of Alkenyl(Alkynyl)‐Functionalized Quinazolinones and their Heteroanalogues: A Powerful Strategy for the Construction of Polyheterocyclic Structures

Vaskevych,

Dekhtyar,

Vovk

2023

The Chemical Record

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Quinazolin‐4‐one, its heteroanalogues, and derivatives represent an outstandingly important class of compounds in modern organic, medicinal, and pharmaceutical chemistry, as these molecular structures are noted for their wide synthetic and pharmacological potential. In the last years, ever‐increasing research attention has been paid to quinazolinone derivatives bearing alkenyl and alkynyl substituents on the pyrimidinone nucleus. The original structural combination of synthetically powerful endocyclic amidine (or amidine‐related) and exocyclic unsaturated moieties provides a driving force for cyclizations, which offer an efficient toolkit to construct a variety of fused pyrimidine systems with saturated N‐ and N,S‐heterocycles. In this connection, the present review article is mainly aimed at systematic coverage of the progress in using alkenyl(alkynyl)quinazolinones and their heteroanalogues as convenient bifunctional substrates for regioselective annulation of small‐ and medium‐sized heterocyclic nuclei. Much attention is paid to elucidating the structural and electronic effects of reagents on the regio‐ and stereoselectivity of the cyclizations as well as to clarifying the relevant reaction mechanisms.

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Synthetic strategies of heterocycle-integrated pyridopyrimidine scaffolds supported by nano-catalysts

Abstract: The current review explores the scope of the synthetic strategies supported by nano-catalysts and biological aspects of heterocycles-integrated pyridopyrimidine scaffolds.

Cited by 10 publications

References 144 publications

Furo, Pyrano, and Pyrido[2,3‐d]Pyrimidines: A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis and Medicinal Applications

Furo, Pyrano, and Pyrido[2,3‐d]Pyrimidines: A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis and Medicinal Applications

Recent Advancements and Developments in the Biological Importance of Pyrimido[4,5‐b]Quinoline Scaffolds

Cyclizations of Alkenyl(Alkynyl)‐Functionalized Quinazolinones and their Heteroanalogues: A Powerful Strategy for the Construction of Polyheterocyclic Structures

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