Synthetic fuels in the German industry sector depending on climate protection level

Hübner, Tobias; Roon, Serafin von

doi:10.1016/j.segy.2021.100042

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…The perception of biofuels and synthetic fuels ranges on a broad spectrum [5][6][7][8][9][10], since compared to battery electric and fuel cell electric vehicles they only offer a minor reduction in local harmful emissions. Nonetheless, considering a lifecycle point of view, implementing these technologies on used vehicles still contributes to a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and end-of-life waste production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil Degradation Patterns in Diesel and Petrol Engines Observed in the Field—An Approach Applying Mass Spectrometry

Agocs,

Nagy,

Ristic

et al. 2023

Lubricants

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Engine oil degradation and tribological properties are strongly interrelated. Hence, understanding the chemical processes resulting in additive depletion and degradation products is necessary. In this study, in-service engine oils from petrol and diesel vehicles were analyzed with conventional and advanced methods (mass spectrometry). Additionally, the effect of the utilization profile (short- vs. long-range) was studied. Petrol engine oils generally showed accelerated antioxidant and antiwear degradation and higher oxidation, especially in the case of a short-range utilization profile, which can be attributed to the higher air-to-fuel ratio (more rich combustion) compared to diesel engines. A detailed overview of oxidation and nitration products, as well as degradation products resulting from zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate and boron ester antiwear additives, diphenylamine antioxidants and salicylate detergents is given. A side reaction between oxidation products (aromatic carboxylic acids) and the boron ester antiwear is highlighted. This reaction was only detected in the petrol engine oils, where the oxidation products were measured in a high abundance. However, no side reaction was found in the samples from the diesel vehicles, since there the aromatic carboxylic acids were largely absent due to lower oxidation.

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