Synthetic Fischer-Tropsch (FT) JP-5/JP-8 Aviation Turbine Fuel Elastomer Compatibility

Muzzell, Pat; Chapin, Rebecca

doi:10.21236/ada477267

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…All of the blends have the same aromatics content except, for example, the Sasol FT blend has a 7% swelling, versus 5% for the dynamic HEFA blend. Therefore, it is suggested that those differences are the result of differentiations in fuel composition, as suggested by Muzzell et al [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The internal diameter measures 53 mm and the width is 5 mm. The material was selected for two reasons: It is representative of the types of elastomer materials found in turbine fuel systems [15] and it is sensitive to changes in fuel aromatic species content, especially compared to fluorinated carbon polymers [15][16][17]. Two O-ring samples were placed in glass beakers, each containing a different fuel type at ambient temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative Microturbine Fuels Feasibility Study Through Thermal Stability, Material Compatibility, and Engine Testing

Quintero¹,

Schmitt

Blair

et al. 2013

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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Alternative Microturbine Fuels Feasibility Study Through Thermal Stability, Material Compatibility, and Engine TestingHistorically, gas turbine fuels have been procured based on availability and low cost criteria. Howeverjn the past few decades, with the growing concern over the negative environmental impacts produced by emissions, alternative fuels have been developed and tested under the objective of reducing such negative effects. The physical properties and broad chemical composition of fuels, including trace elements, may result in engine performance issues found only after extensive operation. This, in turn, results in higher maintenance and operation costs. This paper studies the feasibility of several renewable fuels for microturbine application, identifying icey relationships between the physical and chemical properties, thermal stability, materials compatibility, and turbine peiformance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Microturbine Fuels Feasibility Study Through Thermal Stability, Material Compatibility, and Engine Testing

Quintero¹,

Schmitt

Blair

et al. 2013

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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“…[8][9][10][11][13][14] The approach in this investigation was to understand changes in the swell as the nitrile elastomer was switched back and forth between current fuels containing aromatics and the S-5 fuel blends with surrogate aromatics. (Note: The effect switching the four coupons on the 230 mL sample composition was not evaluated in this effort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] Finally, this nitrile was evaluated in earlier studies, where it exhibited significant responses to changes in fuel aromatic content. [9][10][11] Therefore studying the response of nitriles to switch-loading from fuels containing aromatics to one that does not (S-5), or ones that contain synthetic aromatics, is a critical piece of understanding the potential issues that might arise if vehicles and equipment used to being on a "diet" of aromaticcontaining fuels suddenly "see" an aromatic-free fuel or a fuel containing surrogate aromatics.…”

Section: Elastomermentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastomer Impact When Switch-Loading Synthetic Fuel Blends and Petroleum Fuels

Muzzell¹,

Sattler²,

Terry³

et al. 2006

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When some elastomer (rubber) compounds, and specifically those used for seals in fuel-wetted components of vehicles and equipment, are suddenly "switch-loaded" from a fuel of given composition to one of a somewhat different composition, swell/shrink issues relating to seal performance may arise, possibly leading to fuel leakage. The key objective of this study was to evaluate what happens to the elastomers with sudden switches from a conventional (petroleum-derived) fuel to a synthetic (non-aromatic) paraffinic fuel produced from natural gas using gas-to-liquids (GTL) and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis processes with or without surrogate aromatics. Results from this evaluation indicate that, for the nitrile elastomers evaluated, relatively large swings in swell occur with switches between fuels of varying levels of aromatic content and the synthetic aviation turbine fuel containing no aromatics. These observations support the conclusion that impact on the nitrile elastomer when switch-loading synthetic (non-aromatic) and petroleum-derived fuel, is highly dependent on aromatic hydrocarbon type and concentration.elastomer compatibility, Fischer-Tropsch, GTL, synthetic fuel, gas-to-liquid, coal-to-liquid, CTL, biomass-to-liquid, BTL, swelling, Problems and ObjectivesIssues with seal performance may arise and possibly lead to fuel leakage when some elastomer (rubber) compounds, particularly those used for seals in liquid fuel-wetted components of vehicles and equipment, are suddenly "switch-loaded" from one kind of fuel to another. Evaluating how these elastomers respond as they are switched back-and-forth between two fuels of different compositions is a key area of study. This type of study is needed to identify potential performance issues that may arise when such fuel switches occur. The overall objective of this study was to simulate how elastomers, found in fuel-wetted components of Army ground and combat vehicles, may respond when switching fuels. In particular, this study evaluates what happens to the elastomers with sudden switches from a conventional or petroleum-derived type of fuel to a synthetic (non aromatic) paraffinic fuel produced from natural gas using gas-to-liquids (GTL) and FischerTropsch (F-T) synthesis processes with or without surrogate aromatics. Studies conducted in 2003 indicate that nitrile elastomers may be particularly sensitive to changes as they are exposed to fuels and that the magnitude and direction of these changes is also dependent on the aromatic content of the fuel. Importance of ProjectThis study was completed under a joint DoD-DoE Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) to conduct collaborative research and development in the assessment of alternative fuels, particularly synthetic military fuel produced from GTL and F-T technology. This project is one of several second year efforts under this MOA to address the potential use of F-T fuels by the military. Technical ApproachTo assess the response of selected elastomers to switches between fuel pairs, coupons and O-rings of the selected e...

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“…These protocols are referenced in the reports and papers on fuel evaluations for SPK (FT and HEFA) and the blends of SPK with JP-8 (or near equivalents JP-5, Jet A-1 and Jet A), of which only a small fraction are cited herein. (11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33) BASIC AND SPECIFICATION PROPERTIES…”

Section: Protocols For Evaluations Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

US Army Qualification of Alternative Fuels Specified in MIL-DTL-83133H for Ground Systems Use. Final Qualification Report: JP-8 Containing Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene Manufactured Via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis or Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids

Muzzell¹,

Johnson²,

Sattler³

et al. 2013

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Synthetic Fischer-Tropsch (FT) JP-5/JP-8 Aviation Turbine Fuel Elastomer Compatibility

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Alternative Microturbine Fuels Feasibility Study Through Thermal Stability, Material Compatibility, and Engine Testing

Alternative Microturbine Fuels Feasibility Study Through Thermal Stability, Material Compatibility, and Engine Testing

Elastomer Impact When Switch-Loading Synthetic Fuel Blends and Petroleum Fuels

US Army Qualification of Alternative Fuels Specified in MIL-DTL-83133H for Ground Systems Use. Final Qualification Report: JP-8 Containing Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene Manufactured Via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis or Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids

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