Synthetic diamond films as a platform material for label‐free protein sensors

Abstract

In the framework of developing a fast and label‐free immunosensor for C‐reactive protein (CRP) detection, H‐terminated nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) was functionalised with anti‐CRP antibodies that were physically adsorbed to the surface. Impedance spectroscopy was used to electronically detect real‐time CRP recognition. Different impedance behaviours were observed after CRP addition as compared to after FITC‐labelled ssDNA addition at low (100 Hz) as well as at high frequencies (1 MHz). Physical interpretations of the observed impedance changes were obtained by fitting the data to an equivalent electrical circuit. Concentrations of 1 μM CRP were recognised with a reaction time of 30 minutes. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Induction and regulation of differentiation in neural stem cells on ultra-nanocrystalline diamond films

“…Recently several studies demonstrated that these particles are completely innocuous and will remain in cytoplasm after sub-cultured for several passages [23,26,27]. Another advantage of nanocrystalline diamond is accessible functionalization by different bio-molecules such as DNA or antibodies for various biosensor applications [28]. Furthermore, we recently showed UNCD films could be used as a biomaterial for enhancing the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs [29].…”

Evolution towards the implementation of point-of-care biosensors

“…This initial interaction is then followed by multipoint interactions due to various degrees of protein denaturation, making desorption from the surface extremely difficult (Silin, V et al, 1997). The experiments of our group indicated that the biological activity of the antibodies was not hampered (Bijnens et al, 2009). …”

“…A Au wire in contact with the reaction fluid served as a counter electrode. The selective antigen recognition was analyzed in real-time, and the detection limit was found to be 10 nM, which was in the physiologically relevant range, and could be discriminated within 10 minutes (Bijnens et al, 2009). Tran et al (2011) described an impedimetric aptasensor for the detection of human IgE.…”

Introduction to medical applications of diamond particles and surfaces * *Please note that this chapter was originally published in Materials Today, 14(4), Narayan, R. J., Boehm, R. D. and Sumant, A. V., ‘Medical applications of diamond particles and surfaces’, 154–163, Copyright (2011), and is reused here with permission from Elsevier.

“…44 In addition, diamond is being considered for use in neural prostheses. Arrays of solution-gate fi eld-effect transistors were fabricated by Dankerl et al using hydrogen-terminated single-crystalline diamond substrates.…”