Synthesis, Surface Modification and Characterisation of Biocompatible Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) with appropriate surface chemistry exhibit many interesting properties that can be exploited in a variety of biomedical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement, tissue repair, hyperthermia, drug delivery and in cell separation. These applications required that the MNPs such as iron oxide Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 MNPs) having high magnetization values and particle size smaller than 100 nm. This paper reports the experimental detail for preparation of monodisperse oleic acid (OA)-coated Fe 3 O 4 MNPs by chemical co-precipitation method to determine the optimum pH, initial temperature and stirring speed in order to obtain the MNPs with small particle size and size distribution that is needed for biomedical applications. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2013, 18 7534 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that the particle size as well as the magnetization of the MNPs was very much dependent on pH, initial temperature of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ solutions and steering speed. The monodisperse Fe 3 O 4 MNPs coated with oleic acid with size of 7.8 ± 1.9 nm were successfully prepared at optimum pH 11, initial temperature of 45 °C and at stirring rate of 800 rpm. FTIR and XRD data reveal that the oleic acid molecules were adsorbed on the magnetic nanoparticles by chemisorption. Analyses of TEM show the oleic acid provided the Fe 3 O 4 particles with better dispersibility. The synthesized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic behavior and the saturation magnetization of the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles increased with the particle size.

"CHARACTERISTICS AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN-COATED Fe3O4 NANOPARTICLES PREPARED BY EX-SITU CO-PRECIPITATION METHOD"

“…Three peaks of EDX spectra for bare Fe3O4 nanoparticles existed at around binding energy of Fe (0.8, 6.3, and 6.8 KeV). 6 However, to consider iron oxide phase that contained in various samples, it was necessary to further analysis using XRD pattern of the samples with MAUD software. As the results of iron oxide phase analysis, chitosan-Fe3O4 nanoparticles contained not only the Fe3O4 phase but also γ-Fe2O3.…”

“…Coprecipitation method is mostly used due to low cost, high yield product, and safe application without hazardous solvent and high temperature. [5][6][7] CHITOSAN-COATED Fe3O4 NANOPARTICLES I.O. Wulandari et al…”

Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Sumac Aqueous Extract and Their Antioxidant Activity

“…Recently, there is a rising interest to develop ecofriendly gentle nanoparticle synthesis procedure which does not utilize any toxic materials in the production. Nanoparticles are solid structures with a size less than100 nm and have found their applications in optoelectronics, catalysis, imaging, sensing, and in drug and gene delivery 2 . Between the nanosized particles, Au-NPs have merited main attention owing to their exclusive and tunable Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) 3 .…”

Low temperature synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and incorporation into an organic solar cell

“…During synthesis, the colloidal solutions were maintained at a pH of %11. This optimum pH was based on a study by Mahdavi et al in which iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesised [29]. The group used iron chloride hexahydrate and tetrahydrate precursors, and applied the co-precipitation method.…”