Synthesis, reactivity and application studies for different biolubricants

Abstract

Vegetable oils have different unique properties owing to their unique chemical structure. Vegetable oils have a greater ability to lubricate and have higher viscosity indices. Therefore, they are being more closely examined as base oil for biolubricants and functional fluids. In spite of their many advantages, vegetable oils suffer from two major drawbacks of inadequate oxidative stability and poor low-temperature properties, which hinder their utilization as biolubricant base oils. Transforming alkene groups in fatty acids to other stable functional groups could improve the oxidative stability, whereas reducing structural uniformity of the oil by attaching alkyl side chains could improve the low-temperature performance. In that light, the epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is very interesting as it can provide diverse side chains arising from the mono-or di-epoxidation of the unsaturated fatty acid. Oxirane ring opening by an acid-catalyzed reaction with a suitable reagent provides interesting polyfunctional compounds.

Investigation on the Tribological Behaviour of Modified Jatropha Oil with Hexagonal Boron Nitride Particles as a Metalworking Fluid for Machining Process

“…Thus, lowering the heat generated at the tool-workpiece interfaces. Moreover, the maximum cutting temperature of CJO was due to the high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) contains in the CJO between 60 to 80% that accelerate with a lower melting point [7]. The carbon chains of CJO are easily broken with the existing of the double bond in UFA.…”

“…The chemical modification process of crude vegetable oil is crucially desirable in enhancing the lubrication and tribological behaviour. The bio-based vegetable oils outperformed the commercial mineral oil by exhibiting excellent lubrication properties in terms of flash point, and viscosity index, non-toxic, low volatility, high coefficient of friction and high biodegradation percentage [7].…”

Palm Oil-Based Precursors for Development of Polymeric Delivery System

“…The catalytic inorganic of sulphuric acid have been chosen in this system because it was found to be more efficient in producing a high conversion of double bonds to epoxide ring when compared to other inorganic catalyst such as hydrochloric acid (HCI), nitric acid (HNO 3 ) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) [36,40]. Derawi and Salimon [14] worked on the epoxidation of POo using the performic acid reaction system [14].…”

“…In this study, OA was preferable as raw material due to its valuable chemical structure that consist of a carboxyl site and a carbon-carbon double bond at the ninth position, refer to scheme (13), which is reactive and can be further modified into high value-added products [16,[40][41], as well as its a plant or bio-based oil [an 18-carbon (C18) monounsaturated fatty acid] [16,41]. This reaction system was conducted at temperature in the range of 115-118 o C, in the presence of 3A molecular sieve as drying agent.…”

Prediction of Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature Distribution of Air-Conditioned Spaces Using Numerical Simulation

“…Nowadays, renewable energy has attracted great attention (Abdullah et al, 2016a;Abdullah et al, 2016b;Abdullah et al, 2015a;Abdullah et al, 2015b;Salimon et al, 2014;Salimon et al, 2013). In the past, several models are developed and numerical simulations are performed to determining the convective heat exchange of buoyancy-driven flows along vertical surfaces of building structure in the presence of air-conditioning (Fohanno & Polidori 2006).…”