Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Low-Dimensional Carbon-Related Nanomaterials

Abstract

In recent years, many theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out to develop one of the most interesting aspects of the science and nanotechnology which is called carbon-related nanomaterials. The goal of this paper is to provide a review of some of the most exciting and important developments in the synthesis, properties, and applications of low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials. Carbon nanomaterials are formed in various structural features using several different processing methods. The synthesis techniques used to produce specific kinds of low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials such as zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials (including fullerene, carbon-encapsulated metal nanoparticles, nanodiamond, and onion-like carbons), one-dimensional carbon nanomaterials (including carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes), and two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials (including graphene and carbon nanowalls) are discussed in this paper. Subsequently, the paper deals with an overview of the properties of the mainly important products as well as some important applications and the future outlooks of these advanced nanomaterials.

Evidence from central Mexico supporting the Younger Dryas extraterrestrial impact hypothesis

“…In the YDB at Lommel, Belgium, Tian et al (14) observed carbon onions, nanonmeter-sized nanoparticles constructed of concentric carbon shells. Carbon onions typically are comprised of three to eight closed shells, ranging from 3 to 100 nm wide (40), and may be either hollow or contain NDs. Broken and whole carbon onions, ranging from ovoid to round and from 2 to 10 nm wide, were observed in the 2.75 m sample using HRTEM imaging ( Fig.…”

Citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade de nanotubos de carbon

“…A importância dos estudos de cito-e genotoxicidade dos NTCs ocorre porque centenas de publicações sugerem que esse nanomaterial poderá vir a ser utilizado em baterias de íons de lítio, supercapacitores, células a combustível, células fotovoltaicas, em catálise heterogênea, desenvolvimento de membranas para captura de CO 2,16 materiais compósitos poliméricos, 17,18 filtros para a remoção de vários compostos orgânicos voláteis e tratamento de efluentes, 19,20 materiais micro/nanoestruturados 21,22 e várias outras aplicações tecnológicas. 23 Estudos também têm demonstrado que NTCs podem afetar o crescimento de plantas, atuando como um eventual adubo.…”

Laser-assisted nanofabrication of carbon nanostructures

“…9,11,18,29,31,48 A wide spectrum of applications has been proposed and investigated using CNTs. CNTs have been envisioned as one of the most promising candidates for fabricating next-generation electronic devices.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] According to their dimensionalities, carbon nanostructures can be classified into different categories, including zero-dimensional fullerenes 1 and carbon nanoonions (CNOs), 19 one-dimensional (1-D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs), 2 and carbon nanoscrolls (CNSs), 20 and twodimensional (2D) graphene. 3 The unique structures and remarkable properties of the carbon nanostructures, including electronic, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties, led them to a strong and important role in a number of scientific and engineering fields.…”