Synthesis of γ-valerolactone by hydrogenation of levulinic acid over supported nickel catalysts

xNi–yCu–ZrO2 catalysts for the hydrogenation of levulinic acid to gamma valorlactone

“…Supported nickel alone has already shown catalytic potential for various hydrogenation processes. Ni supported on γ-Al 2 O 3 has been used by Hengst et al to produce GVL with 100% selectivity with water as solvent [19]. The same work also showed high yields of GVL under solvent free conditions.…”

Cascade catalytic hydrogenation–cyclization of methyl levulinate to form γ-valerolactone over Ru nanoparticles supported on a sulfonic acid-functionalized UiO-66 catalyst

“…3,4 Among the various chemicals synthesized from biomass to date, gvalerolactone (GVL) has been identied as an important molecule for use as a fuel additive, a food ingredient, a renewable solvent, and an ideal intermediate for production of alkenes and other valuable chemicals due to its benign properties and versatility. [5][6][7][8][9] In addition, the upgrade of GVL to a liquid hydrocarbon fuel has also been reported, with Dumesic and coworkers designing a system that integrates the conversion of GVL to butene via decarboxylation over a silica/alumina catalyst with the subsequent oligomerization of butene over an acidic catalyst (HZSM-5 or Amberlyst 70). 10 Indeed, they reported that the products contained mainly C 8 , C 12 , and C 16 olens, which are the key components present in gasoline and jet fuels.…”

Hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone over anatase-supported Ru catalysts: Effect of catalyst synthesis protocols on activity

“…Limited information is available on the effects of these synthesis parameters on LA hydrogenation activity for Ru/TiO 2 catalysts. For a series of Ni/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts, the effect of catalyst preparation method on catalytic activity for LA hydrogenation to GVL has been investigated [36]. Four different Ni catalysts were prepared via wet impregnation, incipient wetness impregnation, precipitation and flame spray pyrolysis, leading to different textural and, as a result, catalytic properties with wet impregnation giving the best results.…”