Synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles containing Fe, Si, and V using multiple diffusion flames and catalytic oxidation capability of carbon-coated nanoparticles

Ismail, Mohamed F.; Memon, Nasir K.; Hedhili, Mohamed N.; Anjum, Dalaver H.; Chung, Suk Ho

doi:10.1007/s11051-016-3332-2

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Going deep into the images using a high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM, JEOL JEM-2100F), as shown in Figure 2c,d, can illustrate the individual particles and their morphology. The average particle size is in the range of 5-7 nm with high crystallinity [42]. The test fuels used in the experiments include diesel, diesel mixed with nanoparticles, a biodiesel-diesel blend, and a biodiesel-diesel blend with nanoparticles.…”

Section: Nanoparticles Synthesis and Test Fuels Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel–Diesel Blend Enhanced with Iron-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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The effect of iron-doped cerium oxide (FeCeO2) nanoparticles as a fuel additive was experimentally investigated with waste cooking oil methyl ester (WCOME) in a four-stroke, single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine. The study aimed at the reduction of harmful emissions of diesel engines including oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and soot. Two types of nanoparticles were used: cerium oxide doped with 10% iron and cerium oxide doped with 20% iron, to further investigate the influence of the doping level on the nanoparticle activity. The nanoparticles were dispersed in the tested fuels at a dosage of 90 ppm with the aid of an ultrasonic homogenizer. Tests were conducted at a constant engine speed of 2000 rpm and varying loads (from 0 to 12 N.m) with neat diesel (D100) and biodiesel–diesel blends of 30% WCOME and 70% diesel by volume (B30). The engine combustion, performance, and emission characteristics for the fuel blends with nanoparticles were compared with neat diesel as the base fuel. The test results showed improvement in the peak cylinder pressure by approximately 3.5% with addition of nanoparticles to the fuel. A reduction in NOx emissions by up to 15.7% were recorded, while there was no noticeable change in unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. Carbon monoxide (CO) emission was reduced by up to 24.6% for B30 and 15.4% for B30 with nano-additives. Better engine performance was recorded for B30 with 20% FeCeO2 as compared to 10% FeCeO2, in regard to cylinder pressure and emissions. The brake specific fuel consumption was lower for the fuel blend of B30 with 10% FeCeO2 nanoparticles, in low-to-medium loads and comparable to D100 at high loads. Hence, a higher brake thermal efficiency was recorded for the blend in low-to-medium loads compared to D100.

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Section: Nanoparticles Synthesis and Test Fuels Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel–Diesel Blend Enhanced with Iron-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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“…One concern regarding the synthesis of CNPs is their tendency to agglomerate [ 5 ]. Titanium-based nanomaterials have become essential in applications related to energy and water [ 7 ], because of their use as components for photovoltaic, photocatalytic, and electrochemical processes [ 7 , 8 ]. Synthesized TiO 2 materials have four different phases: anatase, rutile, srilankite (TiO 2 -II) and brookite [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame Synthesis of Carbon and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Flame Types, Effects of Combustion Parameters on Properties and Measurement Methods

et al. 2023

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Carbon and metal-oxide nanoparticles (NP) are currently synthesized worldwide for various applications in the solar-energy, optical, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries, among many others. Gas phase methods comprise flame synthesis and flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), which provide high efficiency, low cost, and the possibility of large-scale applications. The variation of combustion operation parameters exerts significant effects on the properties of the NPs. An analysis of the latest research results relevant to NP flame synthesis can provide new insight into the optimization of these methods and the development of these techniques for a large scale. This review offers insight into the current status of flame synthesis for carbon and metal-oxide NPs—specifically containing analysis and comparison of the most common carbon and metal-oxide NP production techniques. The burner configurations used at the laboratory scale and large scale are also discussed, followed by the assessment of the influence of combustion parameters on the properties of NPs. Finally, the features of the measurement techniques applied for determining NP properties were described.

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“…Xiong et al 18 used an electric‐field‐assisted stagnation‐swirl‐flame burner to fabricate porous TiO 2 nanostructured films. Memon et al 19 used a diffusion flame with a liquid precursor to synthesize anatase carbon‐coated TiO 2 nanoparticles and Fe‐ and V‐doped titania 20 . Additionally, flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), 21 flame spray synthesis (FSS), 22 and flame‐assisted spray‐pyrolysis (FSAP) 23 are techniques to make W‐TiO 2 nanopowders by spraying liquid precursors directly into flame systems where the combustion is from the solvent itself (FSP) or an established gas‐phase flame (FSS or FSAP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Memon et al 19 used a diffusion flame with a liquid precursor to synthesize anatase carbon-coated TiO 2 nanoparticles and Fe-and V-doped titania. 20 Additionally, flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), 21 flame spray synthesis (FSS), 22 and flame-assisted spray-pyrolysis (FSAP) 23 are techniques to make W-TiO 2 nanopowders by spraying liquid precursors directly into flame systems where the combustion is from the solvent itself (FSP) or an established gas-phase flame (FSS or FSAP). Such flame spray techniques are very robust and can accommodate almost any metal element in liquid precursor form, utilizing low-volatility and economical precursors and making functional nanocomposites by mixing precursor solutions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Flame synthesis of tungsten‐doped titanium‐dioxide nanoparticles using novel precursor combination of liquid titanium tetra‐isopropoxide and solid tungsten mesh

et al. 2022

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Tungsten-doped titanium-dioxide (W-TiO 2 ) nanoparticles are successfully synthesized using a multiple-diffusion-flame burner with a separate center tube. Vaporized titanium tetra-isopropoxide (TTIP) precursor issues from a center tube to produce TiO 2 nanoparticles, while a tungsten mesh, suspended above the surrounding multiple over-ventilated hydrogen diffusion flames, serves as the solid-phase metal doping source. At a lower tungsten loading rate, W-TiO 2 nanoparticles are generated, as indicated by an obvious angle shift of 0.15 for the entire x-ray diffraction spectrum. However, at a higher tungsten loading rate, homogenous nucleation of WO x occurs before or concurrently with TiO 2 nucleation, producing mixed nanopowders, permitting fewer tungsten ions to be doped into TiO 2 . Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic characterization reveals that the as-synthesized W-TiO 2 nanoparticles possess augmented absorbing ability in the visible-light wavelength range, where the band gap is reduced from 3.20 to 3.05 eV, compared with that for the nondoped TiO 2 nanoparticles.

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Synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles containing Fe, Si, and V using multiple diffusion flames and catalytic oxidation capability of carbon-coated nanoparticles

Cited by 14 publications

References 71 publications

Experimental Investigation on Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel–Diesel Blend Enhanced with Iron-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

Experimental Investigation on Performance of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel–Diesel Blend Enhanced with Iron-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

Flame Synthesis of Carbon and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Flame Types, Effects of Combustion Parameters on Properties and Measurement Methods

Flame synthesis of tungsten‐doped titanium‐dioxide nanoparticles using novel precursor combination of liquid titanium tetra‐isopropoxide and solid tungsten mesh

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