Synthesis of TiO<sub>2</sub>nanorods from titania and titanyl sulfate produced from ilmenite dissolution by hydrothermal method

Wahyuningsih, Sayekti; Ramelan, Ari Handono; Munifa, R M I; Saputri, L N M Z; Chasanah, Uswatul

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/776/1/012044

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Na 2 S addition aim to reduce the oxidation process during anneling treatment [14]. This oxidation processes may occur during roasting process shown in equation reaction 1 [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…XRD pattern of roasted ilmenite was conducted at a temperature of 800 °C, as has been done Wahyuningsih (2016) [16]. The roasted ilmenite before and after dissolving in water are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 100 grams of roasted ilmenite was washed with hot water for 2 hours for three times. The dissolution of roasted-ilmenite performed with H 2 SO 4 at 3, 3.5, 4.5, 6, and 9M by refluxing process under 2 hours, according Wahyuningsih et al (2016) [16]. The ilmenite dissolution was produced TiOSO 4 solutions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TiO₂Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

Wahyuningsih

Rinawati

Munifa

et al. 2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. One-dimensional titanium oxides (TiO 2 ) nanorods have substantial applications in photocatalytic, nanoelectronic, and photoelectrochemical solar cells. These applications require large quantities of materials and a production technique suitable for future industry fabrication. We demonstrate here a new method of TiO 2 nanorods production from ilmenite sands (FeTiO 3 ). In this process, the roasted ilmenite sand was separated from the iron content and dissolved in the sulphuric acid solution. Separation process of TiO 2 from ilmenite has been carried out by roasting, leaching and precipitation processes. The roasting process was conducted by the addition of Na 2 S at a temperature of 800°C that had been deomposed ilmenite into hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), anatase TiO 2 , rutile TiO 2 , Na 2 SO 4 , NaFeS 2 and NaFeO 2 . Separation TiO 2 from titanyl sulfate (TiOSO 4 ) after leaching in H 2 SO 4 solution was conducted by hydrolysiscondensation step and complexation step of Fe 2+ content. KCNS solution was used as a complexing agent. The xerogel synthesized TiO 2 then was prepared to 1-D nanostructure of TiO 2 nanorods by hydrothermal process under alkaline condition. By the two-step method, we finally gain the 1D nanorods TiO 2 extracted from ilmenite sand. The characterization using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) obtained the nanorod morphology at a diameter about 9.6 nm.

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“…Na 2 S addition aim to reduce the oxidation process during anneling treatment [14]. This oxidation processes may occur during roasting process shown in equation reaction 1 [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TiO₂Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

Wahyuningsih

Rinawati

Munifa

et al. 2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…The titanyl sulphate then will be used to synthesize TiO 2 crystal. The solution of titanyl sulphate is a subject hydrolysis and condensation and we will gain the white solids of TiO 2 after calcinations [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After cooling the decomposition product, the iron can be rusted out in slurry form. The remaining iron compounds were removed by leaching with sulphuric acid [5]. Merk and Pickles [6] have studied the reduction of ilmenite by addition of carbon monoxide at 500 °C to 1100 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery TiO2 by leaching process of carbothermic reduced Kalimantan ilmenite

Wahyuningsih¹,

Sari²,

Ramelan³

2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Iron and boron removal from sodium silicate using complexation methods AIP Conference Proceedings 1964, 020021 (2018) need to be explored to gain the high purity separation product. A new combination method named of carbothermic reduction, acidic-leaching and complexation by EDTA were proposed for separation TiO 2 from Ilmenite. Roasting of ilmenite was carried out at 950 °C for 1 h by the addition of activated carbon with mass ratio of ilmenite : activated carbon = 4:3. The carbothermic reduction was carried out to yield a high separation of initial content of ilmenite that will be easily to dissolve within hydrochloric acid solution in leaching process. The composition of ilmenite observed by X-Ray Fluoresences (XRF) changed after the carbothermic reduction process and the dominant content is TiO 2 (57.56%). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) of roasted ilmenite composed of decomposed product of ilmenite i.e. hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), TiO 2 anatase, TiO 2 rutile, and inorganic salt. The leaching of the roasted ilmenite has been done by sulphuric acid solution (6 M) to gain the titanyl sulphate solution. Separation of iron impurities of TiO 2 gel from titanyl sulphate (TiOSO 4 ) solution was conducted by complexation method using EDTA as a complexation agent. The characteristic of TiO 2 obtained using XRD showed that TiO 2 is anatase type and the percentage of TiO 2 using XRF showed that TiO 2 content of 86,03%.

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Separation of TiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ from Indonesia Ilmenite Minerals and their Application as Photocatalysts for Eriochrome Black‐T Dye Degradation

Putri,

Arutanti,

Wardhani

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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Anatase‐TiO2 and α‐Fe2O3 were successfully separated from Indonesia ilmenite minerals using a modification of the hydrometallurgy process. Sodium salt was used as an initiated roasting before hydrochloric leaching. The study investigated parameters that affect separation such as mass ratios of sodium salt to ilmenite and leaching temperature. The results revealed that Ti composition in residue‐TiO2 increased to 76 % while Fe‐composition in filtrate‐Fe2O3 was 87 %. The XRD diffractogram analysis confirmed that main phase formed in residue of separation was anatase‐TiO2 whereas in hydrolysed of filtrate from separation was hematite. Both residue‐TiO2 and filtrate Fe2O3 had high thermal stability. The photocatalytic activity of anatase‐TiO2 and α‐Fe2O3 showed about 97 % and 85 % of Eriochrome Black‐T dye solution was degraded, respectively, when conducted to 4 hours of UV light irradiation. Photocatalytic kinetics study of anatase‐TiO2 and α‐Fe2O3 in degradation process followed pseudo‐first order with reaction rate at 0.0144 and 0.0070 min−1, respectively.

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Synthesis of TiO₂nanorods from titania and titanyl sulfate produced from ilmenite dissolution by hydrothermal method

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

TiO₂Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

TiO₂Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

Recovery TiO2 by leaching process of carbothermic reduced Kalimantan ilmenite

Separation of TiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ from Indonesia Ilmenite Minerals and their Application as Photocatalysts for Eriochrome Black‐T Dye Degradation

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Synthesis of TiO2nanorods from titania and titanyl sulfate produced from ilmenite dissolution by hydrothermal method

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

TiO2Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

TiO2Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

Recovery TiO2 by leaching process of carbothermic reduced Kalimantan ilmenite

Separation of TiO2 and Fe2O3 from Indonesia Ilmenite Minerals and their Application as Photocatalysts for Eriochrome Black‐T Dye Degradation

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Synthesis of TiO₂nanorods from titania and titanyl sulfate produced from ilmenite dissolution by hydrothermal method

TiO₂Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

TiO₂Nanorods Preparation from Titanyl Sulphate Produced by Dissolution of Ilmenite

Separation of TiO₂ and Fe₂O₃ from Indonesia Ilmenite Minerals and their Application as Photocatalysts for Eriochrome Black‐T Dye Degradation