Abstract. One-dimensional titanium oxides (TiO 2 ) nanorods have substantial applications in photocatalytic, nanoelectronic, and photoelectrochemical solar cells. These applications require large quantities of materials and a production technique suitable for future industry fabrication. We demonstrate here a new method of TiO 2 nanorods production from ilmenite sands (FeTiO 3 ). In this process, the roasted ilmenite sand was separated from the iron content and dissolved in the sulphuric acid solution. Separation process of TiO 2 from ilmenite has been carried out by roasting, leaching and precipitation processes. The roasting process was conducted by the addition of Na 2 S at a temperature of 800°C that had been deomposed ilmenite into hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), anatase TiO 2 , rutile TiO 2 , Na 2 SO 4 , NaFeS 2 and NaFeO 2 . Separation TiO 2 from titanyl sulfate (TiOSO 4 ) after leaching in H 2 SO 4 solution was conducted by hydrolysiscondensation step and complexation step of Fe 2+ content. KCNS solution was used as a complexing agent. The xerogel synthesized TiO 2 then was prepared to 1-D nanostructure of TiO 2 nanorods by hydrothermal process under alkaline condition. By the two-step method, we finally gain the 1D nanorods TiO 2 extracted from ilmenite sand. The characterization using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) obtained the nanorod morphology at a diameter about 9.6 nm.
Abstract. Syntheses of various materials, for green energy nanotechnology applications have special attention to develop emerging areas, such as environmental as well as energy materials. Various approaches for preparing nanostructured photocatalysts, such as titanium dioxide, nickel oxide, lead oxide and their composites, was introduced. The use of nanomaterials as photocatalysts water detoxification by visible light photocatalyst of an inorganic composite as well as dye-sensitized photoreduction was also discussed. The enhancement of selective photocatalyst system was gain by the use of photocatalyst composite materials and applied potential bias on the system. The photoelectrocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RB) and Remazol Yellow FG (RY) as water contaminant using the thin film of modified TiO 2 as the electrode was investigated via a series of potentials, and various pH. The result showed that the anodic potential bias influenced the degradation rate of water contaminant and exhibited better performance by the positive anodic bias was applied. The pH conditions influence the active dye structure whereas it will interact with inorganic semiconductor photocatalyst. Using dyesensitized TiO 2 system (DSTs), we have applied this system to build water decolorization as a novelty environmental remediation system.
The influence of fiber size on mechanical and water absorption properties of recycled Polypropylene/Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (namely, rPP/EFB) bio-composites has been conducted study. rPP/EFB bio-composite was a compounding of recycled polypropylene (rPP) and palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) with different sizes, i.e. particle size (150 mesh sieve escaped, referred as p-EFB) and short fiber (s-EFB). Manufacturing of the bio-composites was prepared by the solution method in boiling xylene via reactively process using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The addition of coupling agent, such as maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) was improve the chemical interaction between the rPP and EFB which evidenced by the shift of the wave number of raw materials on infra-red spectra of rPP/EFB bio-composite. Mechanical properties test showed that s-EFB was increase the tensile strength value up to 95% compare to rPP, higher than the p-EFB which is 56% compare to rPP. However, the elongation percentage of the bio-composites contain s-EFB was lower than the bio-composites contain p-EFB. Water absorption analysis also performed in this study to determine the biodegradability of bio-composites. In this study, fiber size gives a considerable influence on the mechanical properties of rPP/EFB bio-composites, however not significant on water absorption properties.
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