Synthesis of Superconducting Circular Antennas Placed on Circular Array Using a Particle Swarm Optimisation and the Full-Wave Method

Abstract

Abstract-In this paper, synthesis of superconducting circular antennas mounted on circular array is designed by the combination of a method based on particle swarm and a full-wave method. Fullwave method is used for computing the resonant frequency, bandwidth, radiation pattern and the efficiency of a perfectly superconducting, or an imperfectly conducting circular microstrip, which is printed on isotropic or uniaxial anisotropic substrate.Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been used to obtain the minimum side lobe level (SLL) of circular array, by varying elements excitations and/or positions. Numerical results concerning the effect of the parameters of substrate and superconducting patch on the antenna performance are presented and discussed. It is found that superconducting circular antenna could give high efficiency. Also, results show the efficiency of PSO in producing desired radiation characteristics and are in good agreement with previously published data.

Improving the Performances of a High Tc Superconducting Circular Microstrip Antenna With Multilayered Configuration and Aniso Tropic Dielectrics

“…In high frequencies when dimensions of the antennas become very small compared to the free space wavelength, recent studies have found that high losses occur [2,6,8,13]. In order to reduce them, the use of high T c superconducting material for the patch has been proposed.…”

“…Superconducting or perfect microstrip antennas are becoming popular and getting increased attention in both theoretical research and engineering applications due to their excellent advantages [2][3][4][5][6]. They are characterized by their low profile, small size, light weight, low cost and ease of fabrication, which makes them very suitable for microwave and millimeter-wave device applications [7].…”

“…Three very popular full wave methods that can be used to characterise microstrip patch antennas are: the finite element method, the finite difference time domain method, and the moment method [3]. The last one is arguably the most popular [4][5][6] and will be used in our work. For that, a rigorous full-wave analysis with basis modes involving Chebyshev polynomials is developed and applied.…”

Design of Planar Arrays Composed by an Active Dipole Above a Ground Plane With Parasitic Elements

“…In [11], a technique for designing a planar array of parasitic dipoles that modify the pattern of a λ/2-dipole placed λ/4 over a ground plane was described. This method, that synthesizes a pencil beam pattern with good performance, uses the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] tool of method of moments program FEKO [21] to optimize the length of each parasitic dipole and the distance between the planar array and the ground planes as well as the interspacing of the parasitic elements. In this model, the antenna works as a set of scattering elements in a mutual coupling environment localized in a plane.…”

Experimental Results on a Planar Array of Parasitic Dipoles Fed by One Active Element

“…The method uses Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] to optimize the length of each parasitic dipole and the distance between the planar array and the ground plane as well as the interspacing of the parasitic elements [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] (Figure 1). This radiating system works as a set of scattering elements in a mutual coupling environment localized in a plane.…”