Synthesis of sulfonated polyphenylsulfone as candidates for antifouling ultrafiltration membrane

Graphene immobilized enzyme/polyethersulfone mixed matrix membrane: Enhanced antibacterial, permeable and mechanical properties

“…To investigate the surface hydrophilicity of PES membranes, the angle between a small droplet of water and the flat horizontal surface of the membrane was measured by Contact Angle Goniometric Instrument. The lower contact angle represents the greater tendency for water to wet the membrane, the higher surface energy and the higher hydrophilicity [40,41]. The effect of GO-Ly and CRGO-Ly of different concentration on contact angle of hybrid membranes is given in …”

Novel ultrafiltration membranes with adjustable charge density based on sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) block copolymers and their tunable protein separation performance

“…The protein rejection was increased with increasing alkyl chain length of diamines in the modified membranes [19]. Liu et al have prepared hydrophilic negatively charged UF membranes using sulfonated polyphenylsulfone random copolymer; the hydrophilicity and antifouling ability of the membranes were enhanced with fraction of sulfonated copolymer [22]. Qiu by heterogeneous quaternization reaction using 2-chloroacetamide to anchor the cationic groups in the barrier layer of the membrane.…”

“…where θ is the measured water contact angle and T L γ is the total surface tension of water (72.8 mJ m −2 ) [22,35]. The SurPass Electrokinetic Analyser (Anton Paar GmbH, Austria) was used to measure the outer surface zeta potential of membranes and the details of the experimental conditions are described in previously reported paper [36].…”

“…To analyze the fouling mechanism in detail, the following equations were used to evaluate the antifouling behaviour of the membranes. The total fouling ratio (R t ), reversible fouling ratio (R r ) and irreversible fouling ratio (R ir ) were calculated as follows [9,11,22]:…”

Effects of a dual nanofiller, nano-TiO2 and MWCNT, for polysulfone-based nanocomposite membranes for water purification

“…Membrane technology has been used for removal of natural organic matter (NOM) in water treatment processes because of high flux and ease of operational control [1]. However, fouling of membranes by NOM remains a major problem [2], and membrane design to mitigate fouling requires a tradeoff between desirable properties such as rejection and throughput. NOM is a mixture whose components may be characterized as hydrophobic humic substances (HSs), hydrophilic proteins and polysaccharides, and transphilic matter (the fraction with intermediate polarity).…”