Synthesis of SnO2 Thin Layer with a Doping Fluorine by Sol-Gel Spin Coating Method

Abstract

A thin layer of tin oxide with doping Fluorine was synthesized using the sol-gel spin coating method. The synthesis aims to determine the quality of thin layers formed based on temperature variations and the number of layers. The basic material used is SnCl2.2H2O, while the doping material used is NH4F with variations in concentrations of dopants 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. The substrate used is glass with a size of 10 x 10 x 3 mm. The synthesis of the thin layer includes substrate preparation, sol-gel making, thin film making, and heating process. At this stage SnO2:F is deposited on a glass substrate with sol-gel spin coating technique at the concentration of sol 1 M with doping levels of Fluorine 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%, and treated with maturation for 24 hours. Making a thin layer using a spin coater at a speed of 2000 rpm for 3 minutes. The layer made consists of one layer, two layers, three layers and four layers. The resulting layer shows that the higher the doping percentage, the higher the transparency of the layer. In addition, the more the number of layers, the lower the transparency level. Keywords: Thin Film, Tin Oxide, Fluorine, Sol-gel, Spin Coating

Synthesis of SnO2 Thin Coatings by Indium and Aluminum Mixed Doping using the Sol-Gel Spin-Coating Technique

“…The next step is the process of making sol-gel by mixing SnCl2.2H2O with InCl3.4H2O and AlCl3 with a mixture concentration of 1 M using ethanol solvent. The amount of ethanol used as a solvent is 20 ml (Muliyadi et al, 2019). The amount of SnCl2.2H2O, InCl3.4H2O, and AlCl3 dissolved in 20 ml of ethanol in order to obtain the desired concentration ratio can be seen in Table 1.…”

Synthesis of Tin Oxide Thin Layer by Doping Aluminum, Fluorine, and Indium Using Sol-Gel Spin Coating Technique

“…Substrate preparation is done by washing the glass substrate with detergent then cleaning it with alcohol and drying it in an oven. This preparation aims to remove the remnants of dirt attached to the glass substrate (Muliyadi et al, 2019).…”

“…Based on Figure 1, it is clear that the level of transparency of the resulting sol is higher as the amount of doping of aluminum, fluorine, and indium increases. This is because the reaction of SnCl2 with ethanol is reduced by the addition of aluminum, fluorine, and indium dopants (Muliyadi et al, 2019). The next process is to make a thin layer using a spin coater that is rotated at 2000 rpm for 3 minutes.…”

“…The substrate used is glass with size (10x10x3) mm. The synthesis of thin films includes substrate preparation, sol-gel manufacture, thin-film manufacture, and heating processes (Muliyadi et al, 2019).…”

“…The characteristics of SnO2 itself can be influenced by doping aluminum, fluorine, and indium, which is called doping which can stabilize the particles and change the energy bandgap that SnO2 has. Besides, doping with this material is known to change the structure, increase the response, selectivity and stability of the gas sensor, increase electrical conductivity and optical transmission, and can reduce the energy band gap of SnO2 (Muliyadi et al, 2019). However, it is not yet known how the combined effect of these three dopants on the characteristics of the SnO2 thin layer itself, so that further investigation is needed regarding the effect of the three dopants on the characteristics of the SnO2 layer.…”