Synthesis of Single-Phase Sn<sub>3</sub>P<sub>4</sub> by an Isopiestic Method

Ganesan, Rajesh; Richter, Klaus W.; Schmetterer, Clemens; Effenberger, H.; Ipser, Herbert

doi:10.1021/cm902226s

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Rhombohedral Sn 4 P 3 and hexagonal SnP , have been recently demonstrated as ultra-high-capacity anode materials for sodium and lithium ion batteries, respectively. However, due to the lack of an available epitaxial template for tin phosphide, the demonstrations have been limited to powders, nanoparticles, and small bulk crystals. − Nontemplated polycrystalline tin phosphide (Sn 4 P 3 and SnP) microparticles grown on a Si/SiO 2 wafer and the corresponding X-ray diffraction spectra are shown in Figure S9. By removing the need for an epitaxial template, TLP enables us to grow phase-pure, templated crystalline Sn 4 P 3 and SnP on a silicon/SiO 2 handle wafer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confined Liquid-Phase Growth of Crystalline Compound Semiconductors on Any Substrate

et al. 2018

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The growth of crystalline compound semiconductors on amorphous and non-epitaxial substrates is a fundamental challenge for state-of-the-art thin-film epitaxial growth techniques. Direct growth of materials on technologically relevant amorphous surfaces, such as nitrides or oxides results in nanocrystalline thin films or nanowire-type structures, preventing growth and integration of high-performance devices and circuits on these surfaces. Here, we show crystalline compound semiconductors grown directly on technologically relevant amorphous and non-epitaxial substrates in geometries compatible with standard microfabrication technology. Furthermore, by removing the traditional epitaxial constraint, we demonstrate an atomically sharp lateral heterojunction between indium phosphide and tin phosphide, two materials with vastly different crystal structures, a structure that cannot be grown with standard vapor-phase growth approaches. Critically, this approach enables the growth and manufacturing of crystalline materials without requiring a nearly lattice-matched substrate, potentially impacting a wide range of fields, including electronics, photonics, and energy devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confined Liquid-Phase Growth of Crystalline Compound Semiconductors on Any Substrate

et al. 2018

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“…Further investigation on the synthesis parameters or utilizing subsequent steps to separate Sn 3 P 4 from the mixture is required to obtain the pure-phase Sn 3 P 4 compound. 41 The XRD patterns of the synthesized materials are shown in Figure 1b. The XRD results indicate the coexistence of both rhombohedral Sn 3 P 4 (inset of Figure 1b) and Sn 4 P 3 that can be indexed to standard powder diffraction file cards of JCPDS 01-076-7121 (Sn 3 P 4 ) and 01-071-2221 (Sn 4 P 3 ), respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be concluded that the saturated vapor pressure at high temperature determines the final composition, which can be adjusted by reaction temperature or controlling the phosphorus amount. Further investigation on the synthesis parameters or utilizing subsequent steps to separate Sn 3 P 4 from the mixture is required to obtain the pure-phase Sn 3 P 4 compound . The XRD patterns of the synthesized materials are shown in Figure b.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most reports either focus on the synthesis of single-phase Sn 3 P 4 compounds or their thermoelectric properties. 40,41 To the best of our knowledge, the electrochemical performance of Sn 3 P 4 has not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These intrinsic physical properties and layered structures empower Sn 3 P 4 with great potential as LIB anodes. However, most reports either focus on the synthesis of single-phase Sn 3 P 4 compounds or their thermoelectric properties. , To the best of our knowledge, the electrochemical performance of Sn 3 P 4 has not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Tin phosphides have garnered considerable attention as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacities and earth abundance of constituent elements. Particularly, the rhombohedral Sn3P4 compound, a long-proven phase of tin phosphides, remains unexplored for LIBs. In this study, a solid-state reaction was employed to prepare Sn3P4-based composites as anodes for LIBs. The layered Sn3P4/Sn4P3 composite with the highest Sn3P4 percentage of 80.5% shows an impressive electrochemical performance when carboxymethylcellulose sodium and super P were adopted as the binder and conductive agent, respectively. The higher theoretical capacity of the dominated Sn3P4 in the composites compared to Sn4P3 and the enhanced charge transfer with carbon coating contribute to the improved rate capability and cycle life of Sn3P4/Sn4P3@C composites. Specifically, the resultant Sn3P4/Sn4P3@C anode shows a highly reversible capacity (1140 mAh g–1 at 0.1 A g–1 after the initial five cycles), a considerable rate capability (750 mAh g–1 at 2.0 A g–1), and a good durability (513 mAh g–1 after 100 cycles at 1.0 A g–1). The intrinsic composition of Sn and P coupled with the layered structure accounts for such a superior Li-storage performance. Our findings indicate that layered Sn3P4-based materials are promising candidate anodes for next-generation LIBs.

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Interaction of Sn‐Based Solders with Ni(P) Substrates: Phase Equilibria and Thermochemistry

Schmetterer

Ganesan

Ipser

2012

Lead‐Free Solders: Materials Reliability for Electronics

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Synthesis of Single-Phase Sn₃P₄ by an Isopiestic Method

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Confined Liquid-Phase Growth of Crystalline Compound Semiconductors on Any Substrate

Confined Liquid-Phase Growth of Crystalline Compound Semiconductors on Any Substrate

Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Interaction of Sn‐Based Solders with Ni(P) Substrates: Phase Equilibria and Thermochemistry

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Synthesis of Single-Phase Sn3P4 by an Isopiestic Method

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Confined Liquid-Phase Growth of Crystalline Compound Semiconductors on Any Substrate

Confined Liquid-Phase Growth of Crystalline Compound Semiconductors on Any Substrate

Layered Tin Phosphide Composites as Promising Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Interaction of Sn‐Based Solders with Ni(P) Substrates: Phase Equilibria and Thermochemistry

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Synthesis of Single-Phase Sn₃P₄ by an Isopiestic Method