Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using white-rot fungus Anamorphous Bjerkandera sp. R1: influence of silver nitrate concentration and fungus growth time

Abstract

Currently, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) constitute an interesting field of study in medicine, catalysis, optics, among others. For this reason, it has been necessary to develop new methodologies that allow a more efficient production of AgNPs with better antimicrobial and biological properties. In this research growth time effects Anamorphous Bjerkandera sp. R1 and the silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration over AgNPs synthesis were studied. Through the protocol used in this work, it was found that the action of the capping proteins on the surface of the mycelium played a determining role in the reduction of the Ag+ ion to Ag0 nanoparticles producing a particle size that oscillated between 10 and 100 nm. The progress of the reaction was monitored using visible UV–Vis spectroscopy and the synthesized AgNPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared radiation (FTIR) spectroscopy. The best synthetic properties were found at 1 mM of AgNO3 concentration, growth time of 8 days, and reaction time of 144 h. Nanometals obtention from microorganisms could be considered as a new method of synthesis, due to reducing abilities of metal ions through its enzymatic system and represents low-cost synthesis that reduces the generation of harmful toxic wastes.

Nanopesticides in Agriculture: Benefits and Challenge in Agricultural Productivity, Toxicological Risks to Human Health and Environment

“…Nanopesticides from runoff of agricultural and industrial wastewater during the precipitation event by soil permeating leaching phenomenon reach the water supply, affecting its quality, increasing the human exposure time and concerns for the ecosystem. It has been noticed that nanoparticles could cause toxicological effects by their biomimetics properties and high ability of distribution and bioaccumulation in soil, water environments, foods, and consequently in all animals, especially in mammals [3][4][5]14]. For humans, the range of side effects related to individual susceptibility and exposure time to nanoparticles leads to acute and chronic pathological manifestations that include the systems respiratory as cardiovascular, lymphatic, autoimmune, neurologic, and various cancers that can manifest instantly following exposure or many years later as a result of bioaccumulation [15] and unique nanoparticles properties [11,16,17].…”

“…The higher total surface area occupied by agrochemicals nanoparticulates offers overall greater contact with crop pests, making them as efficient as they are unpredictable. The unreasonable and unsystematic use of agrichemical intensifies pathogen resistance, reducing nitrogen fixation and biodiversity, and increasing bioaccumulation of pesticides in agricultural, livestock goods, and in organisms of the water environment, which poses a severe and progressive threat both to the ecosystem and to humans and an obstacle against the development of sustainable agriculture [4,5].…”

Antimicrobial and dye degradation application of fungi‐assisted silver nanoparticles and utilization of fungal retentate biomass for dye removal

“…Moreover, in comparison with other biological routes, fungi are the most attractive choice, as they secrete large amount of extracellular proteins, providing high silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis efficiency. It was also observed that fungi can withstand high pressure and agitation inside bioreactors, due to its mesh‐like fungal mycelium (Osorio‐Echavarría et al, 2021). Metallic nanoparticles have wide application in the field of pharma, textile, cosmetic, waste water treatment, food, etc.…”

One-step Green Preparation of Nano-silver Aqueous Solution, Characterization, and Its Antibacterial Potential for Cut Carnation Flowers

“…Among these, chemical approaches are the most commonly used method [13][14][15] . Although chemical processes are convenient, they have a high preparation cost and negative effects to the environment; thus, it is not preferred in several research and applications [16][17][18][19][20] . Bioreduction is a novel method in preparing NS using various reducing substances or products in plants and microorganisms.…”

“…Bioreduction is a novel method in preparing NS using various reducing substances or products in plants and microorganisms. It has the advantages of cost-effectiveness and environmental benignity; therefore, there has been increasing interest in its research and application [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] .…”