Synthesis of Precision Gold Nanoparticles Using Turkevich Method

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit unique size-dependent physiochemical properties that make them attractive for a wide range of applications. However, the large-scale availability of precision AuNPs has been minimal. Not only must the required nanoparticles be of precise size and morphology, but they must also be of exceedingly narrow size distribution to yield accurate and reliable performance. The present study aims to synthesize precision AuNPs and to assess the advantages and limitations of the Turkevich method-one of the common chemical synthesis technique. Colloidal AuNPs from 15 nm to 50 nm in diameter were synthesized using the Turkevich method. The effect of the molar ratio of the reagent mixture (trisodium citrate to gold chloride), the scaled-up batch size, the initial gold chloride concentration, and the reaction temperature was studied. The morphology, optical property, surface chemistry, and chemical composition of AuNPs were thoroughly characterized. It was determined that the as-synthesized AuNPs between 15 nm and 30 nm exhibit well-defined size and shape, and narrow size distribution (PDI < 0.20). However, the AuNPs became more polydispersed and less spherical in shape as the particle size increased.

Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties and Biomedical Applications

“…At the same time, the Turkevich method also has some limitations, and the generated nanoparticles may have some small size impurities, which remains to be solved. [17] In the field of biosensors, a kind of sensor based on surface plasmon resonance is widely concerned. This kind of no-label sensor has the advantages of non-pollution, quick response speed and good sensitivity.…”

Antiproliferative effects on tumor cells of the synthesized gold nanoparticles against Hep2 liver cancer cell line

“…There are certain significant features of AuNPs that make them more attractive to employ in wide applications like surface plasmon resonance (SPR), a size-and shape-dependent property, and biocompatibility. Even though of all the distinctive properties of AuNPs, there is a major challenge residing over its usage, which is the control of the particle size and size distribution due to the fact of batch-to-batch variation affected by three factors, local temperature gradient, the efficiency of reagent mixing, and the resulting local concentration gradient [13].…”

<p>A Review on the Synthesis and Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery Vehicle</p>

“…Moreover, this reaction gives low yield and involves the use of only water as a solvent. 43 Brust method, on the other hand, involves an easy strategy for the formulation of thermal and air-stable AuNPs having controlled size and less dispersity. One possible limitation of Brust method is synthesis of AuNPs which are less dispersed and used of organic solvents immiscible with water, therefore, limiting their biological applications.…”