Synthesis of perovskite BaTaO2N with low defect by Zn doping for boosted photocatalytic water reduction

Exploring the effect of partial B-site Al3+–Mg2+ dual substitution on optoelectronic, surface, and photocatalytic properties of BaTaO2N

“…Modification of BaTaO 2 N and LaTiO 2 N with Zn and Ca has also been shown to significantly influence carrier density, to shift the band edge position, and to improve the yield of photo-redox reactions. 33 Similar results have been reported in BaTaO 2 N with various dopants. 31,34 For Al 3+ -Mg 2+ -(co)substituted BaTaO 2 N, the photocatalytic performance observed for the evolution of O 2 and H 2 (Figure 6), the changes in visible light absorption (Figure 3), and DFT calculations (Figure 5)…”

“…Substituents with different valences act as either electron donors or acceptors and change the carrier concentration when introduced into the host lattice. 30 Although divalent (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , and Zn 2+ ), trivalent (Al 3+ , Ga 3+ , and Sc 3+ ), tetravalent (Ti 4+ and Zr 4+ ), and hexavalent (Mo 6+ and W 6+ ) cations were singly introduced into the BaTaO 2 N lattice to improve its photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting efficiency, 17,28,[31][32][33][34][35] a dualsubstitution effect on water splitting efficiency of BaTaO 2 N has not been explored yet.…”

One-Step Excitation Overall Water Splitting over a Modified Mg-Doped BaTaO2N Photocatalyst

“…The perovskite compound BaTaO 2 N also shows strong visible light absorption up to 650 nm and so has been studied as a photocatalyst for solar hydrogen production . In addition, many improvements have been made to Z -scheme water splitting systems using BaTaO 2 N, as well as systems for hydrogen or oxygen evolution over this material. − However, it is still challenging to promote both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions simultaneously so as to realize stoichiometric hydrogen and oxygen evolution from water using BaTaO 2 N as the photocatalyst.…”

“…Single-crystal particulate BaTaO 2 N can be obtained via thermal nitridation using an RbCl flux . In conjunction with Pt co-catalysts, this material exhibits an order of magnitude greater hydrogen evolution activity than BaTaO 2 N nitrided under flux-free conditions. ,, Cation doping has also been applied to improve the lifetimes of charge carriers in BaTaO 2 N based on inhibiting defect formation. ,, Similar strategies have been used to promote oxygen production over BaTaO 2 N in the presence of a sacrificial electron acceptor. , In such systems, suitable co-catalysts are needed to promote the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes and the transfer of these charge carriers to the reactants . Well-dispersed Pt co-catalyst nanoparticles can be loaded onto single-crystal BaTaO 2 N particles by sequential impregnation-reduction and photodeposition or by co-impregnation with Na and Pt species. , The addition of these co-catalysts allows the extraction of electrons from the BaTaO 2 N to the Pt, which increases the apparent quantum yield (AQY) for the hydrogen evolution reaction in an aqueous methanol solution to as high as 6.8% at 420 nm .…”

Electronic Engineering of ABO3 Perovskite Metal Oxides Based on d0 Electronic‐Configuration Metallic Ions toward Photocatalytic Water Splitting under Visible Light

“…For example, the doping amount of Mo and W should be below 5 at% to avoid the formation of the impurity phase of BaMoO 4 or BaWO 4 , when Mo and W are used as dopants for BaTaO 2 N. [ 55 ] Recently, the metal oxide Ba(Zn 1/3 Ta 2/3 )O 3 with a similar perovskite structure to that of BaTaO 2 N was used as the nitridation precursor to synthesize BaTaO 2 N doped with a large amount of Zn 2+ , in which the Zn 2+ doping amount was up to 30 at.% and its photocatalytic hydrogen production activity was promoted more than five times compared with that of BaTaO 2 N synthesized by the conventional nitridation route. [ 56 ] Zn 2+ with the d 10 electronic configuration is preferentially reduced to form metallic Zn during the nitridation process, thus protecting the B‐site metal ion Ta 5+ from being reduced and fabricating BaTaO 2 N free from the Ta 4+ defects.…”