Synthesis of PDDA Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated with Gold Nanoparticles and Its Electrochemical Response toward Levofloxacin

Abstract

In this work synthesis of water-dispersible reduced graphene oxide (rGO), decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), was carried out in the presence of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) solution (PDDA). The as-prepared hybrid nanocomposite (Au/PDDA/rGO) was characterized using various surface, structural, and electrochemical analysis techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and voltammetry. The electrochemical performance of Au/PDDA/rGO-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was investigated by studying the voltammetric behavior with different concentrations of levofloxacin (LV). Under optimized experimental conditions, at the Au/PDDA/rGO/GCE it was found that the response is linearly proportional to the concentration of LV in the ranges of 1.0 × 10 −5 -2.0 × 10 −4 and 2.0 × 10 −4 -8.0 × 10 −4 mol L −1 , with detection limit estimated to be 3.9 × 10 −6 mol L −1 . The fabricated sensor was successfully applied for determination of LV in pharmaceutical tablets. Additionally, investigation of the interaction between LV and RNA molecules has also been carried out.

Sensitive electrochemical sensor based on nickel/PDDA/reduced graphene oxide modified screen-printed carbon electrode for nitrite detection

“…23 Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), PDDA, is a linear cationic polyelectrolyte that has been reported to be attractive for the surface functionalization of a nanomaterial. 24 It can also act as a stabilizer, disperser and linker in a nanocomposite. 25 Its positive surface charge can provide additional active sites and enable electrostatic attraction for the adsorption of an analyte.…”

Electrochemical Determination of Levofloxacin Using Poly(Pyrogallol Red) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

“…Besides these advantages, conventional electrodes used in electrochemical measurements have poor performance due to the easy fouling of their surfaces by the analyte and the intermediate products formed by the electrode reaction. For this reason, the surfaces of carbon-based electrodes have been altered by utilizing a wide range of modifiers such as nanostructured noble metals [18] and metal oxides, [11,19] carbon-based nanomaterials such as graphene (GR), [20] graphene oxide (GO), [4,6,21,22] carbon nanotube (CNT) [23] and conductive polymers [2,5,20,24] for selective and sensitive LEV detection. Conductive polymers are one of the most frequently used modifiers due to their homogeneity, repeatability, good stability, and strong adhesion to the electrode surface.…”

Effects of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) addition on the curing kinetics of urea-formaldehyde adhesives for particleboards

“…However, a growing number of studies have shown successful applications of PDDA in other areas. It can be a functional, reducing and stabilizing agent in the preparation of graphene based composites for use in highly selective electrochemical sensors for various substances, such as esculetin [1], 4-chlorophenol [2], paracetamol, and diclofenac [3], β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide [4] and levofloxacin [5]. PDDA is used as a dispersive agent to obtain supermagnetic Fe3O4/PDDA nanocomposites [6].…”