Synthesis of PANI@ZnO Hybrid Material and Evaluations in Adsorption of Congo Red and Methylene Blue Dyes: Structural Characterization and Adsorption Performance

Abstract

In this research, a simple oxidation chemical process was applied for the synthesis of novel PANI@ZnO nanocomposite. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized by XPS, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TGA and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. Thereby, PANI@ZnO highest SBET values (about 40.84 m 2 .g −1 ), total mesoporous volume (about 3.214 cm 3 .g −1 ) and average pore size (about 46.12 nm). Afterwards, the prepared nanomaterial was applied as novel nanoadsorbent for the adsorption of Congo Red (CR) and Methylene Blue (MB) dyes from aqueous solutions at 298 K and pH 5.0. Besides, the pseudo-second-order model was obtained the best for the adsorption of both dyes. In the case of isotherm models, the Freundlich model showed the best fit. After removal, the spent adsorbent was regenerated. With the regeneration repeated five cycles, the PANI@ZnO regeneration efficiency remained at a very adequate level.

Facile Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of Polyaniline@TiO2-CuO Ternary Composite as Electrodes for Supercapacitor Applications

“…BET surface area (S BET ) and total pore volume (V total ) for samples are listed in Table 1 . From the data, it can be inferred that S BET and V total of TiO 2 –CuO decreased after the PANI matrix formation on the TiO 2 –CuO surface, indicating that the polymer was created on the TiO 2 –CuO pore structure; similar behavior was also observed by Toumi et al [ 33 ]. Moreover, PANI@TiO 2 –CuO presented a higher surface area than pure PANI.…”

Application of Activated Carbon Adsorbents Prepared from Prickly Pear Fruit Seeds and a Conductive Polymer Matrix to Remove Congo Red from Aqueous Solutions

“…The adsorption isotherms of the three adsorbents prepared are displayed in Figure 5c. The experimental values were successfully fitted to the Freundlich isotherm; this confirmed the multilayer surface coverage [39]. The Freundlich isotherm parameters depicted maximum percentage removal efficiencies of 91.13%, 53.28%, and 50.06% for PANI@PPSH, PPSH, and PPSOH, respectively, and a like affinity to CR binding (Table 3).…”

“…The pH value was determined by an instrument (Multiparameter Benchtop Water Quality Meter, 86505-EB-AZ, Barcelona, Spain). Information about the BET surface area and porosimetry was provided using an Autosorb (iQ, Shanghai, China) system at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) [29,39].…”

“…The formation of PPSH on the PANI matrix greatly increased the elimination capacity. This behavior was due to the large specific area provided by the polymer chain (such as aromatic units, amine, and imine functions) that produces novel active sites where CR could bind by electrostatics or π-π interactions [39,54]. Conversely, in the absence of PANI on the PPSH surface, the elimination capacity decreased because PPSH sites became saturated quickly due to the diminutive pores, and the effluent was not being treated completely [53].…”

Recent Advances in the Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Media with Conducting Polymers, Polyaniline and Polypyrrole, and Their Composites

“…This is based on the observation that any material in contact with the reaction mixture becomes coated with a thin submicrometre film [ 44 ], which is well suited for adsorption purposes. The coating of inorganic substrates is represented by the following: barium titanate [ 45 ]; cobalt ferrite [ 28 ]; cobalt sulfide [ 46 ]; copper(II) oxide [ 47 ]; fly ash [ 48 ]; iron oxyhydroxide [ 49 ]; iron sulfide [ 21 ]; magnetite [ 50 ]; manganese(IV) dioxide [ 34 , 40 ]; manganese ferrite [ 51 ]; magnesium ferrite [ 52 ]; molybdenum trioxide [ 53 ]; montmorillonite [ 54 ]; nickel oxide [ 40 ]; silica gel [ 55 ]; tin dioxide [ 56 ]; titanium dioxide [ 22 , 33 , 57 , 58 ]; zeolite [ 59 ]; zinc oxide [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]; zirconium(IV) dioxide [ 63 ].…”