Recent Advances in the Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Media with Conducting Polymers, Polyaniline and Polypyrrole, and Their Composites

Stejskal, Jaroslav

doi:10.3390/polym14194243

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(232 reference statements)

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“…Thus, carbonized leathers are potential adsorbents of organic dyes and can be applied in the pollution treatment of industrial wastewaters. In this direction, they are close to conducting polymers, which have been used for the same purpose [ 92 , 93 ].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook

et al. 2023

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The carbonization of collagen-based leather waste to nitrogen-containing carbon is reviewed with respect to the preparation, characterization of carbonized products, and applications proposed in the literature. The resulting nitrogen-containing carbons with fibrous morphology have been used as adsorbents in water pollution treatment, in electrocatalysis, and especially in electrodes of energy-storage devices, such as supercapacitors and batteries. Although electrical conductivity has been implicitly exploited in many cases, the quantitative determination of this parameter has been addressed in the literature only marginally. In this report, attention has been newly paid to the determination of conductivity and its dependence on carbonization temperature. The resulting powders cannot be compressed into pellets for routine conductivity determination. A new method has been used to follow the resistivity of powders as a function of pressure up to 10 MPa. The conductivity at this pressure increased from 9.4 × 10−8 S cm−1 for carbonization at 500 °C to 5.3 S cm−1 at 1000 °C. The conductivity of the last sample was comparable with conducting polymers such as polypyrrole. The carbonized leather thus has the potential to be used in applications requiring electrical conduction.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook

et al. 2023

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“…One of the application areas shared by microstructured carbons [39][40][41] and conducting polymers [42][43][44] is the adsorption of water pollutants. The removal of organic…”

Section: Dye Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the application areas shared by microstructured carbons [39][40][41] and conducting polymers [42][43][44] is the adsorption of water pollutants. The removal of organic dyes from wastewater is based on the adsorption and/or the photocatalytic decomposition or by biodegradation [45,46].…”

Section: Dye Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonized Leather Waste with Deposited Polypyrrole Nanotubes: Conductivity and Dye Adsorption

Stejskal,

Ngwabebhoh,

Trchová

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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This paper reports the conversion of a waste to a conducting material, exploiting the ability to adsorb pollutant organic dyes. Leather waste was carbonized at 800 °C in an inert nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting biochar was used for in-situ deposition of polypyrrole nanotubes produced by the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of methyl orange. The composites of carbonized leather with deposited polypyrrole nanotubes of various composition were compared with similar composites based on globular polypyrrole. Their molecular structure was characterized by infrared and Raman spectra. Both conducting components formed a bicontinuous structure. The resistivity was newly determined by a four-point van der Pauw method and monitored as a function of pressure applied up to 10 MPa. The typical conductivity of composites was of the order of 0.1 to 1 S cm−1 and it was always higher for polypyrrole nanotubes than for globular polypyrrole. The method also allows for the assessment of mechanical features, such as powder fluffiness. The conductivity decreased by 1–2 orders of magnitude after treatment with ammonia but still maintained a level acceptable for applications operating under non-acidic conditions. The composites were tested for dye adsorption, specifically cationic methylene blue and anionic methyl orange, using UV-vis spectroscopy. The composites were designed for future use as functional adsorbents controlled by the electrical potential or organic electrode materials.

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“…Conductivity of organic materials is routinely achieved by coating suitable substrates with conducting polymers, such as polyaniline or polypyrrole. Such composites serve as adsorbents in the dye-pollution treatment of water [1], in electromagnetic interference shielding [2], for corrosion protection of metals [3], as heating elements [4], in supercapacitor electrodes [5], or as decorative leather finishings [6], etc. Antibacterial coatings of materials [7][8][9][10] are often required for biomedical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coating of Leather with Dye-Containing Antibacterial and Conducting Polypyrrole

et al. 2023

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In the search for functional organic biomaterials, leather constituted by collagen fibers was coated with a conducting polymer, polypyrrole. The coating was carried out during the oxidation of pyrrole in an aqueous solution of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) in the presence of five organic dyes: crystal violet, neutral red, methyl orange, acriflavine, and methylene blue. This technique ensures the uniform coating of collagen fibers with polypyrrole and incorporation of organic dyes. The surface morphology was observed with scanning electron microscopy and the transverse profile, reflecting the penetration of the conducting phase into the leather body with optical microscopy. While the polypyrrole coating endows leather with electrical conductivity, organic dyes are expected to affect the polymer morphology and to provide an antibacterial effect. The lowest sheet resistance and antibacterial activity were obtained with crystal violet. This type of coating was characterized in more detail. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the coating of collagen fibers with polypyrrole and dye incorporation. Mechanical properties were extended to the cyclic bending of the leather at various angles over 5000 cycles. The relative resistance changes were a few percent, indicating good electrical stability during repeated mechanical stress.

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Recent Advances in the Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Media with Conducting Polymers, Polyaniline and Polypyrrole, and Their Composites

Cited by 28 publications

References 154 publications

Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook

Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook

Carbonized Leather Waste with Deposited Polypyrrole Nanotubes: Conductivity and Dye Adsorption

Coating of Leather with Dye-Containing Antibacterial and Conducting Polypyrrole

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