Synthesis of optimized LiNiO2 for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

Abstract. The synthesis of LiNiO2, an attractive 4 V lithium ion battery cathode material, was investigated in view of identifying optimum preparation conditions by adopting various methods and comparing the structural, physical and electrochemical properties of the products. The conventional high temperature method (solid state annealing at 800 ~ and a novel low temperature method (self propagating high temperature method at 300 ~ allowed to synthesise crystalline LiNiO~ with a composition close to the ideal stoichiometry. Optimisation of the preparation conditions which are responsible for forming high performance LiNiO_~ favoured LiNO3 and Ni(NO3)2 as starting material along with an internal fuel (glycine) and a temperature of 300 ~ for about three hours as most suitable heat treating condition. The electrochemical performance of LiNiOz synthesized via the various methods is reported.

There and Back Again—The Journey of LiNiO2 as a Cathode Active Material

“…Thus, it is possible to calcine at low temperatures, as the combustion of the fuel provides the necessary energy . In recent years, urea has been the preferred fuel, but glycine is also suitable …”

Hin und zurück – die Entwicklung von LiNiO2 als Kathodenaktivmaterial

“…So ist es möglich, bei niedrigen Temperaturen zu kalzinieren, da die Verbrennung des Brennstoffs die nötige Energie liefert . In den vergangenen Jahren wurde Harnstoff bevorzugt, jedoch ist auch Glycin geeignet …”

Various aspects of LiNiO2chemistry: A review

“…Moreover, it is generally not possible to assign specific IR frequencies to vibrations involving a single cation and its oxide neighbors [26], as the resultant vibrations of any transition metal oxide involve contributions from all possible atoms. Therefore, it is only the differences in mass, charge and co-valency of lithium and the transition metal cation that leads to the motion of lithium ion and the observation of respective vibrational spectrum [27]. It is worth recollecting the fact that the resonance frequencies of the alkali metal cations in the octahedral interstices (LiO 6 ) in inorganic oxides are located in the frequency range of 200-400 cm K1 [28,29].…”