Synthesis of nanocrystalline Li4Ti5O12 by a novel aqueous combustion technique

Raja, M.; Mahanty, Sourindra; Kundu, Manab; Basu, Rajendra Nath

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.12.072

Cited by 71 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…30 We obtained a band gap of 2.8 eV that is in reasonable agreement with experiment even though it is well known that DFT calculations underestimate the bandgap. This result also agrees well with Tsai's ab initio study 18 that reported a value of 2.3 eV.…”

Section: Electronic Structuressupporting

confidence: 84%

Ab initio study of radiation effects on the Li4Ti5O12 electrode used in lithium-ion batteries

2015

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Lithium-ion batteries are currently in wide use owing to their high energy density and enhanced capabilities. Li4Ti5O12 is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries because of its advantageous properties. Lithium-ion batteries could be exposed to radiation occurring in various conditions such as during outer space exploration and nuclear accidents. In this study, we apply density functional theory to explore the effect of radiation damage on this electrode and, ultimately, on the performance of the battery. It was found that radiation could affect the structural stability of the material. Furthermore, the electrode was shown to undergo a transition from insulator to metal, following the defects due to radiation. In addition, the effect of radiation on the intercalation potential was found to be highly dependent on the nature of the defect induced.

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Section: Electronic Structuressupporting

confidence: 84%

Ab initio study of radiation effects on the Li4Ti5O12 electrode used in lithium-ion batteries

2015

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“…To improve the conductivity, several effective ways have been proposed, such as synthesis of nanoparticle [7], substitution of a small quantity of Li + , Fe 2+ , or Ti 4+ by supervalent metal ions [2,[8][9][10], and synthesis of electronic conductor compounds [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The powders, which are composed of spherical particles, can exhibit higher pile density than irregular particles [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of carbon additive on the properties of spherical Li4Ti5O12 and LiFePO4 materials for lithium-ion batteries

Gao

Wan

2010

Ionics

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Preparing spherical particles with carbon additive is considered as one effective way to improve both high rate performance and tap density of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and LiFePO 4 materials. Spherical Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /C and LiFePO 4 /C composites are prepared by spray-drying-solid-state reaction method and controlled crystallization-carbothermal reduction method, respectively. The X-ray diffraction characterization, scanning electron microscope, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, alternating current impedance analyzing, tap density testing, and electrochemical property measurements are investigated. After hybridizing carbon with a proper quantity, the crystal grain size of active materials is remarkably decreased and the electrochemical properties are obviously improved. The Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /C and LiFePO 4 /C composites prepared in this work are spherical. The tap density and the specific surface area are as high as 1.71 gcm −3 and 8.26 m 2 g −1 for spherical Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /C, which are 1.35 gcm −3 and 18.86 m 2 g −1 for spherical LiFePO 4 /C powders. Between 1.0 and 3.0 V versus Li, the reversible specific capacity of the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 /C is more than 150 mAh g −1 at 1.0-C rate. Between 2.5 and 4.2 V versus Li, the reversible capacity of the LiFePO 4 /C is close to 140 mAh g −1 at 1.0-C rate.

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“…One is poor electronic and ionic conductivity, which leads to poor rate capability. 3,4 In addition, a number of strategies have been implemented to overcome the low electrical conductivity and to further improve the power performance of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , including nanosized materials, [5][6][7] design of unique configurations, [8][9][10][11] carbon coating, [12][13][14] 3d-elements doping at Ti sites, [15][16][17] rare earth doping, 18 and coating with noble metal nano-particles, oxides or high conductive phase such as Ag 19 , Cu 2 O 20 and TiN phase, 3 which are expected to solve the challenge with good cyclic performance as well as to maintain a high rate performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Functions of Carbon in Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C Microspheres

Lei

Wu²,

Luo

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has become an alternative material to replace graphite anodes in terms of solving safety issues and improving battery life-time. Unfortunately, as Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 is an insulator, the low electrical conductivity becomes a major drawback, as it is unfavorable to higher rate capability. In addition to the low electronic conductivity, severe gassing during charge/discharge cycles is a critical but often-overlooked problem of Li 4 ExperimentalMaterials synthesis.-Anatase TiO 2 (220 nm in average particle diameter and 99.5% in purity, Hangzhou Wanjing New Material Co., Ltd) and Li 2 CO 3 (99.9% in purity, Shanghai China Lithium Industrial Co., Ltd.) were used as raw materials. The starting coarse Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 was prepared by a solid-state reaction method as described in a previous work. 26,27 The stoichiometric amounts of Li 2 CO 3 and anatase TiO 2 with molar ratio of Li: Ti = 0.82:1 were mixed with ethanol as dispersant by planetary ballmilling. The ball-milled mixture was heated in a furnace at 800• C in air for 18 h to obtain the coarse materials were first ball-milled without a carbon source and with 5 wt% pitch as a carbon source using water as a dispersant for 1.5 h, respectively. The resultant slurry was then spray dried to obtain the precursors individually. Finally, two precursors were all annealed at 650• C for 6 h in an Ar atmosphere to obtain the final materials.Characterization.-X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples were recorded on a Rigaku diffractometer using Cu Kα irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were obtained on a Nova NanoSEM 430 and Tecnai F20.

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Synthesis of nanocrystalline Li4Ti5O12 by a novel aqueous combustion technique

Cited by 71 publications

References 38 publications

Ab initio study of radiation effects on the Li4Ti5O12 electrode used in lithium-ion batteries

Ab initio study of radiation effects on the Li4Ti5O12 electrode used in lithium-ion batteries

Influence of carbon additive on the properties of spherical Li4Ti5O12 and LiFePO4 materials for lithium-ion batteries

Dual Functions of Carbon in Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C Microspheres

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Synthesis of nanocrystalline Li4Ti5O12 by a novel aqueous combustion technique

Cited by 71 publications

References 38 publications

Ab initio study of radiation effects on the Li4Ti5O12 electrode used in lithium-ion batteries

Ab initio study of radiation effects on the Li4Ti5O12 electrode used in lithium-ion batteries

Influence of carbon additive on the properties of spherical Li4Ti5O12 and LiFePO4 materials for lithium-ion batteries

Dual Functions of Carbon in Li4Ti5O12/C Microspheres

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Dual Functions of Carbon in Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C Microspheres