Synthesis of multi-branched porous carbon nanofibers and their application in electrochemical double-layer capacitors

Tao, Xin; Zhang, X.B.; Zhang, L.; Cheng, J.P.; Liu, Fei; Luo, Jingyang; Luo, Zhenyue; Geise, H. J.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2005.11.024

Cited by 107 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The basic idea behind using a water soluble support returns to Steigerwalt and Lukehart [17] who employed silicate or carbonate. Metal catalysts, such as Fe [18][19][20][21], Ni [22,23], Cu [24], Co [25,26] and their alloys [27], have been investigated widely. However, until now, the reported catalysts require the lengthy process of reduction and calcination for their preparation [11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Rajarao

Bhat

2012

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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Large scale synthesis of carbon nanofibres (CNFs) on a sodium chloride support has been achieved. CNFs have been synthesized using metal oxalate (Ni, Co and Fe) as catalyst precursors at 680 C by chemical vapour deposition method. Upon pyrolysis, this catalyst precursors yield catalyst nanoparticles directly. The sodium chloride was used as a catalyst support, it was chosen because of its non-toxic and water soluble nature. Problems, such as the detrimental effect of CNFs, the detrimental effects on the environment and even cost, have been avoided by using a water soluble support. The structure of products was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The purity of the grown products and purified products were determined by the thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction method. Here we report the 7600, 7000 and 6500 wt% yield of CNFs synthesized over nickel, cobalt and iron oxalate. The long, curved and worm shaped CNFs were obtained on Ni, Co and Fe catalysts respectively. The lengthy process of calcination and reduction for the preparation of catalysts is avoided in this method. This synthesis route is simple and economical, hence, it can be used for CNF synthesis in industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Rajarao

Bhat

2012

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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“…Comparatively, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have gained great importance in recent years due to their large axial ratio [11,12]. Presently, CNFs are extensively applied in many fields such as fuel cells, EDLCs, hydrogen energy and lithium-ion cells [13][14][15][16][17].On CeO 2 has received considerable attention due to its remarkable properties and wide applications in various fields such as oxygen permeation membrane systems [25,26], low-temperature water-gas shift reaction [27,28], oxygen sensors [29,30], glass-polishing materials [31,32], and fuel cells [33][34][35][36].In this paper, we demonstrate a methodology for the synthesis of Co/CeO 2 -doped CNFs, which are introduced as an electrode of electrochemical capacitors (EC). The proposed nanostructures were synthesized by the carbonization of an electrospun mat composed of cerium acetate, cobalt acetate, and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in an argon atmosphere at 700°C.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental study on synthesis of Co/CeO₂-doped carbon nanofibers and its performance in supercapacitors

Kim¹,

Ghouri²,

Khan³

et al. 2015

Carbon letters

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Because of avaricious global energy consumption, and serious environmental issues, the demand for clean energy technology has grown to a significant level, and the development of emerging effective energy devices and resources has become one of the most important topics in recent decades, and has attracted passionate research [1]. Among encouraging alternative sources of energy, supercapacitors are one of the promising electrochemical energy storage devices, with high power characteristics compared to batteries, high energy density compared to conventional capacitors, and long cycling times [2][3][4][5][6].Hence, supercapacitors have been practically used in various applications, and offer potential benefits in communications, consumer electronics, aviation, transportation and associated technologies [7][8][9]. It is well known that the performance of electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) typically depends on the high specific surface area and highly reversible redox reactions of the electrode materials [10]. Therefore, various carbonaceous materials, such as carbon nanotubes, activated carbons, carbon blacks, carbon aerogels and carbon fibers have been investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Comparatively, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have gained great importance in recent years due to their large axial ratio [11,12]. Presently, CNFs are extensively applied in many fields such as fuel cells, EDLCs, hydrogen energy and lithium-ion cells [13][14][15][16][17].On CeO 2 has received considerable attention due to its remarkable properties and wide applications in various fields such as oxygen permeation membrane systems [25,26], low-temperature water-gas shift reaction [27,28], oxygen sensors [29,30], glass-polishing materials [31,32], and fuel cells [33][34][35][36].In this paper, we demonstrate a methodology for the synthesis of Co/CeO 2 -doped CNFs, which are introduced as an electrode of electrochemical capacitors (EC). The proposed nanostructures were synthesized by the carbonization of an electrospun mat composed of cerium acetate, cobalt acetate, and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in an argon atmosphere at 700°C.Cobalt (II) acetate tetrahydrate (CoAc, 98%; Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and cerium (III) acetate hydrate (CeAc, 99.9%; Aldrich) were used as the precursors for Co and CeO 2 while PVA with a molecular weight 65,000 g/mol (Aldrich) was used as the precursor for the carbon fiber.A mixture containing 75 wt% CoAc and 25 wt% CeAc was mixed with 15 g PVA aqueous solution (10 wt%). Finally the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 h to obtain a transparent mixture. The obtained sol-gel was electrospun at a high voltage of 21 kV using a direct current (DC) power supply at room temperature. The produced mats were dried at room temperature for 10 h and then under vacuum overnight at 70°C and finally carbonized DOI: http://dx.doi.org/

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“…In EDLCs, the electrode surface area plays a crucial role in the performance of a capacitor, which can provide higher power densities, fast charge-discharge processes, excellent cycling stabilities, but inferior energy densities. Carbon materials with large specific surface areas and excellent conductivity, such as activated carbon [39,40], carbon nanofibers [41,42], mesoporous carbon [43,44], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [45,46], graphene [47,48], and carbide-derived carbon [49,50], have been widely employed in EDLCs. While in PCs, composite materials composed of carbon nanomaterials together with electrically conductive polymers (e.g., polyaniline (PANI) [51][52][53][54], polypyrrole (PPy) [55][56][57][58], and poly[3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene] (PEDOT) [59]) or transition metal oxides (e.g., MnO 2 [60,61], NiO [62,63], RuO 2 [64,65], VO x [66][67][68], and TiO 2 [69,70] ) have been widely used for the electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances and challenges of stretchable supercapacitors based on carbon materials

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2016

Sci. China Mater.

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Stretchable energy storage devices are essential for the development of stretchable electronics that can maintain their electronic performance while sustain large mechanical strain. In this context, stretchable supercapacitors (SSCs) are regarded as one of the most promising power supply in stretchable electronic devices due to their high power densities, fast charge-discharge capability, and modest energy densities. Carbon materials, including carbon nanotubes, graphene, and mesoporous carbon, hold promise as electrode materials for SSCs for their large surface area, excellent electrical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties. Much effort has been devoted to developing stretchable, carbon-based SSCs with different structure/performance characteristics, including conventional planar/textile, wearable fiber-shaped, transparent, and solid-state devices with aesthetic appeal. This review summarizes recent advances towards the development of carbon-based SSCs. Challenges and important directions in this emerging field are also discussed.

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Synthesis of multi-branched porous carbon nanofibers and their application in electrochemical double-layer capacitors

Cited by 107 publications

References 19 publications

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Experimental study on synthesis of Co/CeO₂-doped carbon nanofibers and its performance in supercapacitors

Recent advances and challenges of stretchable supercapacitors based on carbon materials

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Synthesis of multi-branched porous carbon nanofibers and their application in electrochemical double-layer capacitors

Cited by 107 publications

References 19 publications

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibres on Sodium Chloride Support

Experimental study on synthesis of Co/CeO2-doped carbon nanofibers and its performance in supercapacitors

Recent advances and challenges of stretchable supercapacitors based on carbon materials

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Experimental study on synthesis of Co/CeO₂-doped carbon nanofibers and its performance in supercapacitors