Synthesis of graphene oxide from the Sawahlunto-Sijunjung coal via modified hummers method

Purwandari, Vivi; Gea, Saharman; Wirjosentono, Basuki; Haryono, Agus

doi:10.1063/1.5082470

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As a result, low-grade coal possesses a certain amount of graphitic crystalline carbon, loosely bonded with aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in their structure . Under milder treatments, these can be easily exfoliated into the solution phase as compared to other ranks of coal owing to their less compact structure. , This unique nature of these coals makes them a suitable carbonaceous precursor for the synthesis of graphene derivatives, intriguing researchers around the world for their appropriate utilization and value-added.…”

Section: Coal As a Precursor Of Graphene/graphene Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subbituminous coal is also found to be of high interest to material scientists for the synthesis of coal-derived graphene because of its unique structure and a different set of properties. ,, Vijapur et al successfully converted subbituminous coal into uniform, large-area graphene films through the CVD method. The mechanism of this synthetic method involves the evolution of hydrocarbon gases like methane, ethane, propane, ethene, and propene, released during the coal pyrolysis process, which act as the indirect carbon precursor for the graphene synthesis process.…”

Section: Coal As a Precursor Of Graphene/graphene Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This increases the productivity as well as the quality of the graphene produced as seen from the earlier discussion. , For the lower rank of coal, the extraction of the preformed graphitic/GO domain is more favored, as they are loosely bound to the coal matrix that can be easily separated through a range of simple extraction techniques. The extracted graphitic/GO domains further can also be reduced chemically or thermally to form RGO, which is an excellent derivative of graphene. ,, Moreover, the inorganic surface functionalities present in these types of coals further help in their successsful modification. The CTP-based graphene synthesis processes are often accompanied by the use of suitable template materials under controlled thermal conditions that helps in the growth of graphene sheets from the crystalline precursor material. , In summary, the nature of the coal-based materials greatly determines the structural as well as the chemical properties of the graphene derivatives synthesized through a different set of synthetic techniques, influencing their usability for different ranges of applications.…”

Section: Coal As a Precursor Of Graphene/graphene Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracted graphitic/GO domains further can also be reduced chemically or thermally to form RGO, which is an excellent derivative of graphene. 45,54,111 Moreover, the inorganic surface functionalities present in these types of coals further help in their successsful modification. The CTP-based graphene synthesis processes are often accompanied by the use of suitable template materials under controlled thermal conditions that helps in the growth of graphene sheets from the crystalline precursor material.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Type Of Coal Precursors For Graphene Synth...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene/Graphene Derivatives from Coal, Biomass, and Wastes: Synthesis, Energy Applications, and Perspectives

2022

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In the last decade, there has been a phenomenal development in the commercially viable, large-scale synthesis of graphene, a multifunctional advanced carbon nanomaterial, which is gaining popularity for its diverse range of applications, especially in energy storage, composites, sensors, and membranes. With the increasing demand, a large number of worldwide research efforts have been employed, resulting in a series of enormous breakthroughs both in its fundamental science and innovative applications. The earlier reviews on graphene show that the increase in the production yield is often accompanied by the generation of substandard graphene quality, making the process unsuited for commercialization. However, recent studies on graphene synthesis have shown the use of naturally available carbonaceous sources for the production of low-cost graphene derivatives is becoming an emerging trend in graphene research. In this present review, the most recent advances in the synthesis of high-quality graphene from solid carbon precursors, particularly abundant coal, biomass, and waste materials, have been extensively discussed along with their potential scalability for commercial production. The quality and yield of these graphene derivatives synthesized through different methods like chemical vapor deposition, exfoliation, laser-induced, microwave irradiation, and chemical methods are also examined to determine the best-suited synthetic methodology from the available literature. The utilization of graphene derivatives in the energy sector was further discussed, particularly in the emerging field of energy storage. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of this study are highlighted to have a better understanding of the current graphene production scenario, with an insight into the most efficient method for synthesizing high-purity low-cost graphene and their potential for scaleup and energy applications in the distant future.

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Section: Coal As a Precursor Of Graphene/graphene Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coal As a Precursor Of Graphene/graphene Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coal As a Precursor Of Graphene/graphene Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of the Type Of Coal Precursors For Graphene Synth...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene/Graphene Derivatives from Coal, Biomass, and Wastes: Synthesis, Energy Applications, and Perspectives

2022

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“…Sawahlunto Coal with the classification of bituminous coal with a carbon content of 40-49% has a good potential to be a raw material for producing graphene. 25…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Exfoliation Process of Sawahlunto Coal Into Graphene Through the Modified Hummer Method

Purwandari¹,

Gea²,

Wirjosentono³

et al. 2020

RJC

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Sawahlunto is one of the coal-producing regions in Indonesia. Coal as an abundance of carbon content material is significantly drawing attention to be developed in certain material research. To begin, this research was aimed to exfoliate Graphene from Coal which was obtained from Sawahlunto, Indonesia by performing the modified hummer method. The Sawahlunto coal was treated and converted into graphite (g-Bb900) through the carbonization process at an optimum temperature of 900 o C. Then, the formation of graphene oxide (GO-Bb900) was performed using the modified hummer method and followed by the reduction process to finally result in the graphene (G-Bb900). Several characterizations have been performed to confirm the graphene produced. The results of XRD and FTIR analysis indicate a significant difference in chemical and structural changes between graphite, graphene oxide and graphene. Moreover, TEM analysis also displays a significant difference in morphology analysis result of graphite, graphene oxide, and graphene. To sum up, these results have been evaluated and analyzed to prove that the graphene was successfully obtained from Sawahlunto coal.

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Coal-based graphene oxide-like materials: A comprehensive review

Singh,

Haskin,

Dastgheib

2023

Carbon

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Synthesis of graphene oxide from the Sawahlunto-Sijunjung coal via modified hummers method

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Graphene/Graphene Derivatives from Coal, Biomass, and Wastes: Synthesis, Energy Applications, and Perspectives

Graphene/Graphene Derivatives from Coal, Biomass, and Wastes: Synthesis, Energy Applications, and Perspectives

The Exfoliation Process of Sawahlunto Coal Into Graphene Through the Modified Hummer Method

Coal-based graphene oxide-like materials: A comprehensive review

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