Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate catalyzed by NaOH/γ-Al2O3

Facile one-pot synthesis of glycidol from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate catalyzed by tetraethylammonium amino acid ionic liquids

“…On the basis of the above-mentioned results and the previous literatures [23][24][25], we propose a plausible reaction path for the formation of glycidol (Fig. 4).…”

Phenomenological kinetic model of the synthesis of glycerol carbonate assisted by focused beam reflectance measurements

“…Examples of these would be Na 2 O [24], KF modified hydroxyapatites, selectivity above 98% [15], Mg-Al hydrotalcites [23], calcined and non-calcined CaO [24] as well as supported on Diatomite, Kaolin and Al 2 O 3 [13]. Finally, when potassium carbonate was used the selectivity reported has been 100% for a reaction at very similar conditions to those being tested in this work [14].…”

“…However, transesterification of glycerol with organic carbonates appears as a methodology with less demanding operating conditions, especially when working with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) or ethylene carbonate. Atmospheric pressure and temperatures from 60 to 75°C have been reported in the former case [13][14][15][16] and around 50°C in the latter [12,17]. Additionally, solventless syntheses are common practice contrary to the procedures described in the paragraph above and even the catalyst used in some cases are inexpensive, like calcium oxide and potassium carbonate [13,18].…”

4-{[(1-Phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy]methyl}-1,3-dioxolan-2-one

“…TGC is relatively new and efficient reagent, which have found application as an initiator of cationic ring-opening polymerization [9] and as a versatile bis-electrophile to access new functionalized glycidol derivatives [10,11]. TGC can be easily obtained by tosylation of glycerol carbonate (4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxan-2-one) [10], the latter is an industrial product of glycerol valorization [12].…”

“…TGC is relatively new and efficient reagent, which have found application as an initiator of cationic ring-opening polymerization [9] and as a versatile bis-electrophile to access new functionalized glycidol derivatives [10,11]. TGC can be easily obtained by tosylation of glycerol carbonate (4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxan-2-one) [10], the latter is an industrial product of glycerol valorization [12].It is known that TGC reacts with 4-methoxyphenol in DMF in the presence of K 2 CO 3 to afford Oalkylated product, 4-(3-methoxyphenoxy)methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, in only 41% yield [11], while 55% of the arylsulfanyl analogue is obtained in analogous conditions from m-methoxythiophenol [10]. The reaction of 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ol 1 with TGC 2 was carried out in DMF in the presence of K 2 CO 3 and gave chemoselectively 4-{[(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy]methyl}-1,3-dioxolan-2-one 3 in 71% isolated yield.…”