Synthesis of crosslinked polystyrene particles by seeded batch polymerization with monomer absorption

Lee, Kichang; Wi, Han-Ah

doi:10.1016/s1003-6326(11)61080-7

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…From Table S3, it could be inferred that the chemical characteristics of Cl in PS–Cl and PS–TETA were identical, including organic chlorides (−CH 2 Cl) and inorganic chlorides such as HCl. HCl release is attributed to two primary reasons: the synthesis of PS–Cl proceeds through an intermolecular Friedel–Crafts crosslinking reaction accompanied by HCl release , and the substitution of active −CH 2 Cl by TETA, releasing HCl. However, the double Cl 2p peak markedly increased in PS–TETA–Au as shown in Figure b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Stable, Efficient, and Recyclable Amine-Containing Microspheres for Gold(I) Thiosulfate Complex Recovery

Zhao

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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It is desirable to develop a highly stable, costeffective, and recyclable adsorbent to adsorb Au(I) from thiosulfate solutions. In this study, reliable aminated microspheres (PS− TETA) were synthesized via a one-pot method that profited from active chloromethyl group-induced nucleophilic substitution between chloromethylated polystyrene (PS−Cl) and triethylenetetramine (TETA). These microspheres were used to recover a gold(I) thiosulfate complex. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer−Emmett−Teller technique, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were adopted to analyze the surface elements and structure of PS−TETA. Additionally, influencing parameters, such as pH, thiosulfate concentration, and temperature, were investigated. The results indicated that the synthetic process and gold-adsorption behavior of PS−TETA was directly related to the surface chlorine and amine groups. The adsorption process was exothermic and consistent with the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. Complete adsorption of Au(I) was achieved with a maximum capacity of 23.79 kg t −1 . Na 2 SO 3 proved to be an effective desorbent and exhibited a satisfactory adsorption ability of the adsorbent even after five cycles. Anion exchange as a reasonable Au(S 2 O 3 ) 2 3− adsorption mechanism of PS−TETA is proposed. This study offers a practical method for synthesizing aminated microspheres with excellent properties to recover Au(I) from thiosulfate solutions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Stable, Efficient, and Recyclable Amine-Containing Microspheres for Gold(I) Thiosulfate Complex Recovery

Zhao

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The synthesis of polystyrene (PS) particles by precipitation polymerization was done analogously to established methods using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as surfactant [ 22 , 23 ]. For self-assembly, devoid of gaps or defects, particles with a narrow size distribution are necessary [ 24 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinking of floating colloidal monolayers

et al. 2017

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Crosslinked colloidal monolayers are promising as templates, lithographic masks, filtration membranes, or membranes for controlled release rates in drug delivery. We demonstrate assembly of monodisperse micron-sized polystyrene (PS) beads at an air/water interface, which are transformed into crystalline monolayers using addition of surface-active agents. Vapor annealing methods with solvents (toluene and xylene) and crosslinking agents (divinylbenzene) were investigated regarding their ability to crosslink these floating monolayers directly at the interface, generating crosslinked membranes with crystal size up to 44 cm2, domain size up to 1.9 mm2, and nano-sized pores (100–300 nm). The demonstrated fabrication method emphasizes short fabrication time using a simple setup.Graphical abstract Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00706-017-1997-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The synthesis method was based on the work by Lee and Wi . Accordingly, 1.5 g of PVP was dissolved in 102.6 g of ethanol in a 500 mL round-bottom flask and heated to 70 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purity of the product was confirmed by mass spectroscopy (LC−ESI−TOF) identifying a peak at 555 m/z. This 20 Accordingly, 1.5 g of PVP was dissolved in 102.6 g of ethanol in a 500 mL round-bottom flask and heated to 70 °C. Furthermore, 0.15 g of AIBN was dissolved in 15 g of STY and added to the reaction mixture upon reaching the target temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracking of Fluorescently Labeled Polymer Particles Reveals Surface Effects during Shear-Controlled Aggregation

et al. 2017

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Surface chemistry is believed to be the key parameter affecting the aggregation and breakage of colloidal suspensions when subjected to shear. To date, only a few works dealt with the understanding of the role of the physical and chemical properties of the particles' surface upon aggregation under shear. Previous studies suggested that surface modifications strongly affect polymer particles' adhesion, but it was very challenging to demonstrate this effect and monitor these alterations upon prolonged exposure to shear forces. More importantly, the mechanisms leading to these changes remain elusive. In this work, shear-induced aggregation experiments of polymer colloidal particles have been devised with the specific objective of highlighting material transfer and clarifying the role of the softness of the particle's surface. To achieve this goal, polymer particles with a core−shell structure comprising fluorescent groups have been prepared so that the surface's softness could be tuned by the addition of monomer acting as a plasticizer and the percentage of fluorescent particles could be recorded over time via confocal microscopy to detect eventual material transfer among different particles. For the first time, material exchange occurring on the soft surface of core−shell polymer microparticles upon aggregation under shear was observed and proved. More aptly, starting from a 50% labeled/nonlabeled mixture, an increase in the percentage of particles showing a fluorescent signature was recorded over time, reaching a fraction of 70% after 5 h.

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Synthesis of crosslinked polystyrene particles by seeded batch polymerization with monomer absorption

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Development of Stable, Efficient, and Recyclable Amine-Containing Microspheres for Gold(I) Thiosulfate Complex Recovery

Development of Stable, Efficient, and Recyclable Amine-Containing Microspheres for Gold(I) Thiosulfate Complex Recovery

Crosslinking of floating colloidal monolayers

Tracking of Fluorescently Labeled Polymer Particles Reveals Surface Effects during Shear-Controlled Aggregation

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