“…Several iron nanoparticles such as biosynthesized zerovalent iron (Soliemanzadeh and Fekri, 2017a), magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, bimetallic nanoparticles (Luo et al, 2016), trimetallic nanoparticles (Basavegowda et al, 2017;Mishra et al, 2015) and copper ferrite nanoparticles (Kombaiah et al, 2018a) have been reported. Carbon-, starch-, biopolymer-, and clay mineral -supported nanocomposites (Abujaber et al, 2018;Ghaedi & Arabi, 2018;Krishna et al, 2016;Ostovan et al, 2018;Soliemanzadeh and Fekri, 2017b;Wang et al, 2015) as well as magnetic core-shell silica and amino functionalized nanoparticles (Mahmoud et al, 2016b;Farzad and Veisi, 2017) have been designed to mitigate particle agglomeration and enhance dispersion.…”