Synthesis of CaOZnO Nanoparticles Catalyst and Its Application in Transesterification of Refined Palm Oil

Yulianti, Cicik Herlina; Ediati, Ratna; Hartanto, Djoko; Purbaningtias, Tri Esti; Chisaki, Yoshifumi; Jalil, Aishah Abdul; Hitam, Che Ku Nor Liana Che Ku; Prasetyoko, Didik

doi:10.9767/bcrec.9.2.5998.100-110

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It indicated that ZnO active metal has been effectively impregnated in the CaO catalyst, it therefore affected the structure and characteristic of the catalyst. FTIR analysis on ZnO/CaO 6% was in accordance with the result of the work performed by Yulianti et al (2014), uttering that there are several functional groups found in the ZnO /CaO catalysts such as hydroxyl, carbonyl and ZnO groups. The summary of the FTIR interpretation was shown in Table 6.…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Of Zno/cao 6% Catalystsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Figure 4 shown that ZnO/CaO 6% catalyst had a smaller structure compared to the CaO catalyst from eggshell which is presented in Figure 2. Moreover, ZnO/CaO 6% also demonstrated a denser and more solid structure Yulianti et al (2014), which found that the combination of ZnO and CaO exhibited uneven structure, and the catalyst shown solid form with different size.…”

Section: Sem-edx Analysis Of Zno/cao 6% Catalystmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Synthesis of ZnO/CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste for Biodiesel Production

Wicaksono

Kusumaningtyas

2019

JBAT

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The diminishing of fossil fuel reserve has raised a consideration on the renewable energy development. Biodiesel is among the promising renewable energy which is feasible for largescale production. Biodiesel is generally synthesized through the alkaline-catalyst transesterification of vegetable oil. The common catalyst for biodiesel is homogeneous base catalysts which are active but show several drawbacks related to the environmental aspects. Therefore, development of heterogeneous alkaline catalyst for biodiesel production is critical. CaO catalyst is considered a favourable heterogeneous base catalyst for transesterification reaction and it can be derived from various natural resources. In this work, CaO catalyst from eggshell was synthesized from eggshell waste. To improve the catalyst activity, CaO was combined with ZnO active metal, resulting ZnO/CaO catalyst. In this research, the development, characterization, and application of ZnO/CaO catalyst for waste cooking oil (WCO) transesterification to produce biodiesel has been investigated. Various concentration of ZnO was combined with CaO to determine the best formulation of ZnO/CaO catalyst development. It was demonstrated that the addition of ZnO active metal on CaO catalyst could remarkably improve the biodiesel yield through WCO transesterification reaction. The addition of 6% ZnO active metal on CaO, forming ZnO/CaO 6% catalyst, has exhibited the optimal enhancement of biodiesel yield. Furthermore, it was found that the optimum amount of ZnO/CaO 6% catalyst added in the reaction system was 3% w/w catalyst/WCO.

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Section: Ftir Analysis Of Zno/cao 6% Catalystsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Sem-edx Analysis Of Zno/cao 6% Catalystmentioning

confidence: 97%

Synthesis of ZnO/CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste for Biodiesel Production

Wicaksono

Kusumaningtyas

2019

JBAT

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“…Pembuatan biodiesel dengan katalis homogen baik basa maupun asam memiliki beberapa kelemahan, antara lain pemisahan produk samping dengan katalis sulit dilakukan, terbentuknya produk samping berupa sabun dan limbah alkali memerlukan perlakuan lebih lanjut [10]. Katalis Heterogen mudah dipisahkan dari campuran laurtan, dapat digunakan kembali dan tidak bersifat korosif [11]. Dengan meninjau kekurangan tersebut maka dipilihlah katalis heterogen untuk proses pembuatan biodiesel.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

SELEKSI PROSES DALAM PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK BIJI RANDU DENGAN KATALIS CaO

Gayatri

Chumaidi

2023

Distilat: J. Tekn. Sep

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Penggunaan energi dari fosil merupakan krisis global yang mengkhawatirkan sehingga mendorong para peneliti untuk menemukan sumber energi yang ramah lingkungan salah satunya adalah Biodiesel. Dalam merancang suatu proses pembuatan biodiesel perlu memperhatikan pemilihan proses produksi yang paling sesuai untuk menghasilkan suatu produk yang diinginkan. Beberapa metode proses memungkinkan untuk menghasilkan produk yang sama, sehingga perlu dilakukan seleksi proses yang paling baik. Pada penelitian ini digunakan minyak biji randu sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan biodiesel dengan bantuan katalis CaO. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menyeleksi metode-metode proses dalam pembuatan biodiesel dan mengetahui metode proses yang lebih baik dari segi proses maupun jenis katalis. Pada awal seleksi proses, beberapa metode proses dapat dieliminasi dengan memperhatikan metode proses dan jenis katalis.

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“…From the information of these spectrums, some bands in the ZnO/CaO spectrum were identified: stretching of O-H group in zinc hydroxide (3727 cm −1 ) and calcium hydroxide (3643 cm −1 ) formed by reaction with environmental water (Fujimori et al 2016), stretching of O-H (3424 cm −1 ) mainly by adsorbed water over a CaO surface (Yulianti et al 2014) and bands from 2800 to 2950 cm −1 which are associated with stretching of O-H in hydroxide structure with H-bonding (Fujimori et al 2016). Moreover, stretching of C=O in carbonates (1475 cm −1 ) formed by the reaction of the catalyst with carbon dioxide from environment as well as residual carbonates from co-precipitation, this process should be avoided because carbonates promote calcium leaching (Yulianti et al 2014). Finally, bending of Ca-O-H and Zn-O-H is observed from 870 to 850 cm −1 , but bands associated with stretching CaO and ZnO cannot be identified because they are overlapped.…”

Section: Catalyst Preparation and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within all the CaO-based catalysts, CaO and ZnO oxides show one of the best catalytic activities under moderate reaction conditions (Ngamcharussrivichai et al 2008;Kesic et al 2012;Klinklom et al 2013;Rubio-Caballero et al 2013;Istadi et al 2015;Chantara-arpornchai et al 2012;Lee et al 2014a, b;Yulianti et al 2014), where ZnO oxide may be useful to reduce the leaching process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching and reusing analysis of calcium–zinc mixed oxides as heterogeneous catalysts in the biodiesel production from refined palm oil

Sierra-Cantor

Parra-Santiago

Guerrero-Fajardo

2018

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The scarcity of fossil oils in medium and long term has led to propose different alternatives to replace it, and this is the reason why biodiesel has been proposed as a suitable replacement of conventional diesel oil. One of the most widely inquired heterogeneous catalysts in biodiesel production is calcium oxide (CaO) due to some advantages such as low price and high activity. Unfortunately, this compound is leached by methanol, and in this case, compounds such as CaO and ZnO have been suggested as an alternative to avoid this unwanted phenomenon. According to this, in the current work mixed oxides of calcium-zinc catalysts were synthesized using the co-precipitation method, and later, they were characterized and their behaviors were studied identifying transesterification yields and catalysts life cycle varying some of its operational conditions. Methanol/oil ratio over catalyst amount and Zn/Ca atomic ratio were identified as the main factors that affect the transesterification reaction yield. The maximum yield was 86.99%, obtained with 7.5 wt% catalyst, Zn/Ca atomic ratio of 3.0, methanol/oil molar ratio of 30:1 and a reaction time of 2 h at 56.9 °C. To test its reactivation capacity, a reactivated catalyst with the best behavior was used again obtaining a yield of 83.87% which indicates an insignificant decrease in its catalytic activity. However, the leaching process was detected which does not allow a decrease in purification costs due to residual calcium oxide.

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Synthesis of CaOZnO Nanoparticles Catalyst and Its Application in Transesterification of Refined Palm Oil

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Synthesis of ZnO/CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste for Biodiesel Production

Synthesis of ZnO/CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste for Biodiesel Production

SELEKSI PROSES DALAM PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK BIJI RANDU DENGAN KATALIS CaO

Leaching and reusing analysis of calcium–zinc mixed oxides as heterogeneous catalysts in the biodiesel production from refined palm oil

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