Synthesis of Biodiesel by Interesterification of Triglycerides with Methyl Formate

Sendžikienė, Eglė; Makarevičienė, Violeta

doi:10.3390/app12199912

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…However, at a higher MA:O ratio, the additional catalyst can effectively utilize the abundant methyl acetate for efficient biodiesel production. References supporting this interaction effect include Sendzikiene et al [31], where the optimal catalyst loading was found to be dependent on the reactant ratio used in biodiesel production via interesterification. These findings highlight the importance of using response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the interesterification process for biodiesel production.…”

Section: Effect Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The independent variables for the catalytic interesterification of WCO with methyl acetate and sulfuric acid were selected based on a review of the literature and the reactant characteristics [31]. The experimental design included three independent variables: reaction time (coded as A), methyl acetate to oil molar ratio (coded as B), and sulfuric acid concentration (coded as C), as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycerol-Free Biodiesel via Catalytic Interesterification: A Pathway to a NetZero Biodiesel Industry

Youssef,

Khaled,

Aboelazayem

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Conventional biodiesel manufacturing uses alcohol as an acyl acceptor, resulting in glycerol as a side product. The increased demand for biodiesel has led to the production of a substantial surplus of glycerol, exceeding the market need. Consequently, glycerol is now being regarded as a byproduct, and in some cases, even as waste. The present study aims to suggest an economically viable and ecologically friendly approach for maintaining the viability of the biodiesel sector. This involves generating an alternative byproduct of higher value, rather than glycerol. Triacetin is produced through the interesterification of triglycerides with methyl acetate, and is a beneficial ingredient to biodiesel, reducing the need for extensive product separation. The primary objective of this research is to improve the interesterification reaction by optimising process parameters to maximise biodiesel production while using sulphuric acid as an economically viable catalyst. The study utilised the Box–Behnken design (BBD) to investigate the influence of various process variables on biodiesel yield, such as reaction time, methyl acetate to oil molar ratio, and catalyst concentration. An optimisation study using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) focused on key process reaction parameters, including the methyl acetate to oil (MA:O) molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and residence time. The best conditions produced a biodiesel blend with a 142% yield at a 12:1 MA:O molar ratio, with 0.1 wt% of catalyst loading within 1.7 h. The established technique is deemed to be undeniably effective, resulting in an efficient biodiesel production process.

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Section: Effect Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol-Free Biodiesel via Catalytic Interesterification: A Pathway to a NetZero Biodiesel Industry

Youssef,

Khaled,

Aboelazayem

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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show abstract

“…Although some of the glycerol is removed by sedimentation, the remaining glycerol phase is estimated at 10% [63]. Triglycerides are the fatty acids of glycerol, the main constituents of lipids, mostly represented by vegetable oils from which BFA is obtained [30,64]. For this reason, they are found in higher amounts in rapeseed oil and BRO.…”

Section: Statistical Processing Of the Quality Parameters Of Bro And Bfamentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Quality of Biodiesel under the Influence of a Rapeseed Fertilization System

et al. 2023

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Compared to fossil fuels, biodiesel is a clean fuel, does not pollute the environment, and can be produced from inexhaustible natural sources. The objectives of our research are to study how increasing doses of complex fertilizers, applied to rapeseed oil culture, affect the production of rapeseeds and oil; the comparative study between the quality parameters of refined rapeseed oil (RRO) and fatty acids (FA); and the analysis of the quality of the biodiesel obtained from them (BRO and BFA). The experimental field is set-up in a Latin rectangle format and is placed on a total area of 400 m2 divided into 16 parcels, randomized for uniformity with four replications and four fertilizer graduations (N0P0K0—Control, N160P160K160, N320P320K320, N480P480K480). To obtain biodiesel form oil (BRO) and fatty acids (BFA), the processes of esterification, transesterification, refining, washing, sedimentation, and drying were applied. A comparison between biodiesel quality parameters from RRO and FAs were made, and we highlighted the differences in quality compared to samples from the experimental field. The use of large amounts of complex fertilizers leads to high yields of rapeseed (13.3–47.0 q ha−1) and oil (629.8–2130.8 L ha−1), which are statistically significant only for high doses (N320P320K320 and N480P480K480). For most of the qualitative parameters studied, the differences in values between BFA and BRO have positive values, which means a higher quality for BRO. Both BRO and BFA generally fall within the quality parameters imposed by European standards (ES). Although the quality of BRO is superior to BFA, it is produced on a smaller scale due to the nutritional importance of refined rapeseed oil. This study is of particular importance in the optimization of rapeseed fertilization, with a view to the efficient conversion of crude oil, a feedstock for chemical fertilizers and an environmentally friendly fuel.

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Application of simultaneous rapeseed oil extraction and interesterification with methyl formate using enzymatic catalyst

Makarevičienė,

Kazancev,

Sendžikienė

et al. 2024

Renewable Energy

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Synthesis of Biodiesel by Interesterification of Triglycerides with Methyl Formate

Cited by 3 publications

References 71 publications

Glycerol-Free Biodiesel via Catalytic Interesterification: A Pathway to a NetZero Biodiesel Industry

Glycerol-Free Biodiesel via Catalytic Interesterification: A Pathway to a NetZero Biodiesel Industry

Production and Quality of Biodiesel under the Influence of a Rapeseed Fertilization System

Application of simultaneous rapeseed oil extraction and interesterification with methyl formate using enzymatic catalyst

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