Synthesis of (Benzofurano)(benzothieno)germole

Abstract

Diphenyl(benzofurano)(benzothieno)germole (BFBTG) was prepared by the reaction of dilithio(benzothienylbenzofuran) with dichlorodiphenylgermane. Optical, thermal, and electrochemical properties of BFBTG were investigated in comparison with those of bis(benzofurano)germole and bis(benzothieno)germole. It was found that both the HOMO and LUMO levels are gradually raised by replacing the thiophene sulfur atoms by oxygen, one by one. The changes of the LUMO levels was larger than those of the HOMO levels, thus widening the HOMO-LUMO energy gaps. This was readily reproduced by DFT calculations on these molecules.[a] Dr.

Group 15 Element (As, Sb, Bi)-Substituted Bibenzofurans with Noncovalent Conformational Locks for Enhanced Planarity

“…Diethyl ether was dried over CaH 2 and distilled and stored over activated molecular sieves until use. 3,3′-Dibromo-2,2′-bi­(benzofuran) (BBFBr) and 3,3′-Dibromo-2,2′-bi­(benzothiophene) (BTBr) were synthesized according to the previously reported procedures . NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian 400-MR spectrometer.…”

“…3,3′-Dibromo-2,2′bi(benzofuran) (BBFBr) and 3,3′-Dibromo-2,2′-bi(benzothiophene) (BTBr) were synthesized according to the previously reported procedures. 34 NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian 400-MR spectrometer. FD-mass spectra were recorded on a JMS-T100 GCV spectrometer.…”

Synthesis of Pyridinothienogermoles as Unsymmetrically Condensed Germoles

“…Viologen derivatives were also prepared by treating diphenyldipyridinogermole with methyl iodide, and these compounds showed stable electrochromic properties . However, most of the condensed siloles and germoles reported so far possess symmetrical tricyclic systems, and studies of unsymmetrical tricyclic systems have been limited to rather simple cases, including siloles and germoles condensed with phenylpyridine (BPyS), phenylthiophene (BTS), phenylcarbazole (BCzS), phenylindole (BInS and BInG), , phenylbenzofuran (BBFS and BBFG), phenylbenzothiophene (BBTS and BBTG), , and benzofuranylbenzothiophene (BFBTS and BFBTG), as shown in Chart .…”

Germanium‐Bridged 2‐Phenylbenzoheteroles as Luminophores Exhibiting Highly Efficient Solid‐State Fluorescence

“…The common structural feature that these molecules share is bilateral symmetry (Ar 1 =Ar 2 ). In sharp contrast, bilaterally unsymmetrical Ge‐bridged biaryls (Ar 1 ≠Ar 2 ) remain unexplored except for benzo[ b ]germafluorene, dithienogermolocarbazole, germa‐indacenodithiophene, and (benzofurano)(benzothieno)germole . As a lack of symmetry can significantly affect the properties of molecules and their aggregates, such as crystallinity, morphology, solubility, dipole moment, and electronic structure, the design of novel types of bilaterally unsymmetrical Ge‐bridged biaryls, and the disclosure of their structures and properties for the further advancement of Ge‐based functional materials is very intriguing.…”