Synthesis of Adaptive Polymer Brushes via “Grafting To” Approach from Melt

Minko, Sergiy; Patil, Satish; Datsyuk, Vitaliy; Simon, Frank; Eichhorn, Klaus‐Jochen; Motornov, Michail; Usov, Denys; Tokarev, Ihor; Stamm, Manfred

doi:10.1021/la015637q

Cited by 233 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However in these processes, the physically adsorbed polymer films can be easily desorbed or delaminated from the surface under unfavorable conditions. a e-mail: radvincula@uh.edu "Grafting to" [10] and "grafting from" (or surfaceinitiated polymerization (SIP)) [11,12] have also become popular techniques in preparing polymer coatings on surfaces. These techniques are based on tethering polymers on surfaces by either using a preformed polymer with an active end group to attach to the surface, in the case of "grafting to" technique, or by growing polymers in situ from surface-bound initiators, in the case of SIP [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAFT “grafting-through” approach to surface-anchored polymers: Electrodeposition of an electroactive methacrylate monomer

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The synthesis of homopolymer and diblock copolymers on surfaces was demonstrated using electrodeposition of a methacrylate-functionalized carbazole dendron and subsequent reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) "grafting-through" polymerization. First, the anodically electroactive carbazole dendron with methacrylate moiety (G1CzMA) was electrodeposited over a conducting surface (i.e. gold or indium tin oxide (ITO)) using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electrodeposition process formed a crosslinked layer of carbazole units bearing exposed methacrylate moieties. This film was then used as the surface for RAFT polymerization process of methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (S), and tert-butyl acrylate (TBA) in the presence of a free RAFT agent and a free radical initiator, resulting in grafted polymer chains. The molecular weights and the polydispersity indices (PDI) of the sacrificial polymers were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The stages of surface modification were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to confirm the surface composition, thickness, and film morphology, respectively. UV-Vis spectroscopy also confirmed the formation of an electro-optically active crosslinked carbazole film with a π-π * absorption band from 450-650 nm. Static water contact angle measurements confirmed the changes in surface energy of the ultrathin films with each modification step. The controlled polymer growth from the conducting polymer-modified surface suggests the viability of combining electrodeposition and grafting-through approach to form functional polymer ultrathin films.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAFT “grafting-through” approach to surface-anchored polymers: Electrodeposition of an electroactive methacrylate monomer

et al. 2011

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“…Depending on the solvent to which the brush is exposed, either the hydrophilic or the hydrophobic polymer extends into the solvent while the other polymer component resides near to the solid. Thus, the system's surface properties are reversibly switchable by dipping them into solvents of different polarity and drying [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMRP and ATRP Double Initiators for the Formation of Binary Polymer Brushes via Grafting-From Methods

Thiessen

Wolff

2011

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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New ATRP and NMRP initiator molecules were synthesized, which were grafted on silica wafer surfaces and served for initiating the formation of polymer brushes via the grafting-from method. Two of the new initiators bore ATRP and NMRP moieties in the same molecule. These double initiators were used to produce binary polymer brushes with switchable surface properties: styrene was first polymerized via ATRP at 40 • C and 4-vinylpyridine was polymerized thereafter at 110 • C via NMRP. The brushes achieved in this way exhibited smooth surfaces differing in the thickness of the brush layers by less than 10% (at different areas of the wafers) and could be switched from hydrophobic to hydrophilic and vice versa.

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“…Minko et al [178] described a way to synthesize binary polymer brushes from polymers of different polarity, namely, PS and PVP. It is based on the modification of silicon wafer with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.…”

Section: Polymer Brushes By Grafting To Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface treatment and characterization: Perspectives to electrophoresis and lab‐on‐chips

et al. 2006

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The control and modification of surface state is a major challenge in bioanalytical sciences, and in particular in electrokinetic separation methods, due to the importance of electroosmosis. This topic has gained recently a renewed interest, associated with the development of "lab-on-chips" systems that extend the range of materials in which separation channels are fabricated. The surface science community has developed through the years a large toolbox of characterization tools and surface modification protocols, which is not yet fully exploited in the bioanalytical world. In this paper, we try and present an overview of these tools, in order to stimulate new ideas for improved and more controlled surface treatment strategies for separations in capillaries and microchannels. We briefly describe some physical and chemical aspects of electroosmosis (global and spatially resolved), streaming current, and streaming potential. We also review the main strategies for surface coating, and compare the advantages of physisorption, well-organized thin self-assembled monolayers, or conversely thick polymer "brushes". Examples of existing applications to electrophoresis in microchannel are also given.

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Synthesis of Adaptive Polymer Brushes via “Grafting To” Approach from Melt

Cited by 233 publications

References 31 publications

RAFT “grafting-through” approach to surface-anchored polymers: Electrodeposition of an electroactive methacrylate monomer

RAFT “grafting-through” approach to surface-anchored polymers: Electrodeposition of an electroactive methacrylate monomer

NMRP and ATRP Double Initiators for the Formation of Binary Polymer Brushes via Grafting-From Methods

Surface treatment and characterization: Perspectives to electrophoresis and lab‐on‐chips

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