Synthesis of a novel intumescent flame retardant based on phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicone, and application in VMQ

Qi, Jiajia; Wen, Qiye; Zhu, Jing; He, Tengfei

doi:10.1007/s10973-019-08049-3

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Besides, in comparison of ALSR and ALSR/HACP composites, it can be found that the content of char residues of ALSR/HACP‐30 is higher than that of ALSR at 800°C, suggesting that the ALSR matrix is protected by the residues during the decomposition process, which may result in superior flame retardancy of ALSR/HACP‐30 composites. This result is consistent with those of other IFRs 10,19 …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This result is consistent with those of other IFRs. 10,19 3.3 | Flame retardancy of ALSR and ALSR/HACP composites results are presented in Figure 3 and Figure 3 exhibits the typical vertical burning testing screenshots of ALSR and ALSR/HACP-30. Once ignited, the ALSR was burned violently in the initial stage, and critically damaged with great deal of silica and carbides covering on the surface.…”

Section: Characterization Of Hacpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) have attracted widespread attention owing to their low smoke, non‐toxicity and halogen‐free feature 15–18 . Generally, IFR containing phosphorus and nitrogen can form a stable swollen charred layer on the surface of SR, providing a physical protective barrier for the underlying SR. For example, Qi et al synthesized a novel intumescent flame retardant (DTT) with DOPO, KH550, and 1, 4‐phthalaldehyde, which significantly enhances the flame retardancy of VMQ composites by promoting the dehydration in condensed phase and diluting the concentration of oxygen in gas phase 19 . Furthermore, Zhu et al designed an efficient intumescent flame retardant poly [ N , N , N ′, N ′, N ″, N ″‐ hexakis‐ cyclotriphosphazene‐ [1,3,5] triazine‐2, 4, 6‐triamine] (HPTT) to improve the flame resistance of silicone rubber 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17][18] Generally, IFR containing phosphorus and nitrogen can form a stable swollen charred layer on the surface of SR, providing a physical protective barrier for the underlying SR. For example, Qi et al synthesized a novel intumescent flame retardant (DTT) with DOPO, KH550, and 1, 4-phthalaldehyde, which significantly enhances the flame retardancy of VMQ composites by promoting the dehydration in condensed phase and diluting the concentration of oxygen in gas phase. 19 Furthermore, Zhu et al designed an efficient intumescent flame retardant poly [N,N,N 0 ,N 0 ,N 00 ,N 00hexakis-cyclotriphosphazene- [1,3,5] triazine-2, 4, 6-triamine] (HPTT) to improve the flame resistance of silicone rubber. 20 The results confirmed that the formation of a stable and compact protective layer should be responsible for the superior flame retardancy of SR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile preparation and flame retardancy mechanism of cyclophosphazene derivatives for highly flame‐retardant silicone rubber composites

Yang

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A novel and efficient flame retardant cyclophosphazene derivative Hexa (p‐acetamidophenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene (HACP) was successfully prepared via a facile one‐step reaction. The chemical structure of HACP was characterized and confirmed by FT‐IR, 1H and 13C NMR. Then the as‐prepared HACP was incorporated into addition‐cure liquid silicone rubber (ALSR) matrix to prepare highly flame‐retardant rubber composites. It was found that the incorporation of HACP can significantly enhance the flame resistance of ALSR. Typically, the ALSR composites filled with 30 phr HACP achieved UL‐94 V‐0 rating and meanwhile the total heat release and total smoke release were decreased by 26.9% and 41.5%, respectively. Moreover, the flame‐retardant mechanism of ALSR/HACP composites was investigated by TGA, Py‐GCMS, FT‐IR, SEM and EDX, confirming that HACP plays a significant role in capturing free‐radicals and forming protective layers. This work designed a novel cyclophosphazene‐based flame retardant to significantly enhance the flame retardancy of ALSR, which may offer some valuable inspiration for the fabrication of highly flame‐retardant polymer composites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Characterization Of Hacpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile preparation and flame retardancy mechanism of cyclophosphazene derivatives for highly flame‐retardant silicone rubber composites

Yang

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Moreover, a residue of 29.13% remained at 700 °C, which attested to the excellent fire resistance caused by CPN-PDMS. It may result from crosslinking of the cotton by the phosphorus and silicon containing groups were crosslinked with the cotton fabrics at 171.2–281.6 °C to promote the formation of char layer [30]. Therefore, the treated cotton fabrics displayed better flame retardancy and thermal stability than the pure cotton fabrics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a Novel Linear α, ω-Di (Chloro Phosphoramide) Polydimethylsiloxane and Its Applications in Improving Flame-Retardant and Water-Repellent Properties of Cotton Fabrics

Dong

Sun

et al. 2019

Polymers

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A novel linear α, ω-di (chloro phosphoramide)-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (CPN-PDMS) was successfully synthesized and utilized as a formaldehyde-free water-repellent and flame-retardant for cotton fabrics. The flame retardancy of treated cotton fabrics was estimated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, vertical flammability test, and cone calorimetry test. The cotton fabrics treated with 350 g/L CPN-PDMS obtained excellent flame retardancy with an LOI value of 30.6% and the char length was only 4.3 cm. Combustion residues were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. Results show that CPN-PDMS can effectively enhance water repellency and fire resistance of cotton fabrics. Furthermore, the breaking strength test and the whiteness test strongly prove that the tensile strength and whiteness of the treated cotton fabrics were slightly lower than that of the pure cotton fabrics. The wash stability test showed that after 30 laundering cycles, the treated cotton fabrics still had an LOI value of 28.5% and a water-repellent effect of grade 80, indicating that CPN-PDMS was an excellent washing durability additive. In summary, these property enhancements of treated cotton fabrics were attributed to the synergistic effect of silicon-phosphorus-nitrogen elements in CPN-PDMS.

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Types of Flame Retardants

2020

Flame Retardants

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Synthesis of a novel intumescent flame retardant based on phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicone, and application in VMQ

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Facile preparation and flame retardancy mechanism of cyclophosphazene derivatives for highly flame‐retardant silicone rubber composites

Facile preparation and flame retardancy mechanism of cyclophosphazene derivatives for highly flame‐retardant silicone rubber composites

Synthesis of a Novel Linear α, ω-Di (Chloro Phosphoramide) Polydimethylsiloxane and Its Applications in Improving Flame-Retardant and Water-Repellent Properties of Cotton Fabrics

Types of Flame Retardants

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